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Cloning of ACP33 as a novel intracellular ligand of CD4. Paper-8734987.
Naf1 overexpression increased cell surface CD4 expression. Paper-1716436.
ARF1 regulates Nef- induced CD4 degradation. Paper-10342676.
The tumor cells expressed HLA-DR, CD4, CD33, CD38, and CD56. Paper-10468552.
Importantly, PDI coprecipitates with both soluble and cellular CD4. Paper-9318921.
This suggests that a small fraction of CD4 associates with clusters of CD71. Paper-10410228.
Additionally, a number of Envs mediated CD4-independent fusion via CCR5 and GPR15. Paper-10152939.
Group 2 included CD1b, CD4, LFA-1, LFA-3, CD32, and CD68. Paper-140958.
Soluble interleukin 2 and CD8 and CD4 receptors in inflammatory bowel disease. Paper-7392071.
Within four months of symptom onset, their CD4 counts and CD4/ CD8 ratios returned to normal. Paper-7602699.
Disruption of ctla4 signaling enhances CD8 T cell activation via CD4-independent pathway. Paper-12230014.
We report a novel CCR5-dependent mechanism of gp120- induced CD4 loss from macrophages. Paper-8774630.
The mutations had little effect on CD4 binding but reduced CCR5 binding to various extents. Paper-10233550.
Deletion of the V1/V2 loops also allowed CD4-independent viral entry and gp120 binding to CCR5. Paper-8701276.
A synthetic conformational epitope from the C4 domain of HIV Gp120 that binds CD4. Paper-606158.
Runx1 binds the silencer and represses CD4 transcription in immature thymocytes. Paper-11497362.
Tolerance induction in the adult using monoclonal antibodies to CD4, CD8, and CD11a ( LFA-1). Paper-9656187.
Beta-catenin signaling mediates CD4 expression on mature CD8+ T cells. Paper-15332506.
In CIN, the CD8/ HML ratio was decreased (1 +/- 0) and CD8/ CD4 ratio was reversed (0.54 +/- 0.21). Paper-368163.
Total T-lymphocytes, CD4, CD8, CD22, and CD4/ CD8 ratio were all significantly elevated. Paper-6898220.
T cell activation antigen, CD26, as a cofactor for entry of HIV in CD4+ cells. Paper-107270.
A CCR5-dependent novel mechanism for type 1 HIV gp120 induced loss of macrophage cell surface CD4. Paper-8774630.
Finally, a dominant-negative ARF1 mutant blocks the migration of the Nef- CD4 complex to lysosomes. Paper-10342676.
CD4- induced interaction of primary HIV-1 gp120 glycoproteins with the chemokine receptor CCR-5. Paper-749845.
CD26 expression was the same on naive and antigen- stimulated CD4 T cells. Paper-13138218.
This migratory response is CD4 independent and inhibited by anti- CXCR4 antibodies and pertussis toxin. Paper-10233526.
It was confirmed that CD4, but not CD2, was capable of binding with CD81 and CD82 in transfected cells. Paper-314050.
CD4 coexpression regulates DC-SIGN-mediated transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1. Paper-13105276.
When the CD4/ CD8 ratio was greater than 1.5, human IgG was detected in sera of PBMC-recipient SCID mice. Paper-7293700.
Expression of DC-SIGN on target cells did not alleviate the requirement for CD4 or coreceptor for viral entry. Paper-9095686.
Interferon-beta therapy reduces CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell reactivity in multiple sclerosis. Paper-13178563.
We show that Siva-1, a death domain-containing proapoptotic protein, associates with the cytoplasmic domain of CD4. Paper-12563552.
Antibodies to fusin blocked cell fusion and infection with normal CD4-positive human target cells. Paper-544180.
Finally, we found that the binding of p56lck to CD4 strongly inhibited its association with CD81 and CD82. Paper-314050.
CD8+, as well as CD4+, T cells were equally immunostained for IL-17 in MS tissues. Paper-12687505.
Cdk1 inhibition prevents the death of syncytia elicited by HIV-1 infection of primary CD4 lymphoblasts. Paper-9521695.
We find that the same region of the cytoplasmic domain of PLSCR1 is involved in the binding to CD4 and SLPI. Paper-13693627.
The activation of this signaling pathway requires functional CD4 receptors and is independent of binding to CXCR4. Paper-1498970.
An F-box deletion mutant of beta TrCP had a dominant-negative effect on Vpu- mediated CD4 degradation. Paper-1489614.
It therefore appears that the CD3+, CD4-, CD8- and CD16- cell subset might be involved in tumor immunity in myeloma. Paper-7212795.
The leukemia blasts had lymphoblastoid appearance and expressed CD33, CD13, CD34, CD4, CD7, and CD56. Paper-12529461.
Immunologic significance of increased soluble CD8/ CD4 molecules in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus. Paper-7792248.
RESULTS: Here we report that the small GTPase ARF1 controls the Nef-induced, COP-mediated late-endosomal targeting of CD4. Paper-10342676.
This sulfopeptide also inhibits soluble gp120- CD4 binding to cell surface CCR5 as well as infection by an R5 virus. Paper-8840026.
Both morphological and immunocytochemical aspects were evaluated, including CD4, CD8, IL2-R, and HLA-DR immunolabeling. Paper-7795102.
Confocal microscopy revealed strong cell-surface CD4/ CCR5 but weak CD4/ CCR4 colocalization in PBMCs. Paper-9234055.
Anti- CD52 mAbs did not, however, synergize with anti-CD2 or CD28 mAb to induce CD4+ T cell proliferation. Paper-209417.
Previously, we adapted a primary HIV-1 isolate, ADA, to replicate in CD4-negative canine cells expressing human CCR5. Paper-8701276.
Mapping the CD4 binding domain of gp17, a glycoprotein secreted from seminal vesicles and breast carcinomas. Paper-8454385.
Cleavage of gp120 with Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease at residue 269 or with trypsin at residue 432 destroys CD4 binding. Paper-48925.
However, anti- CD18 mAb do not inhibit binding of the viral envelope glycoprotein gp120 to the cell surface receptor CD4. Paper-6501145.
CD4+ CD25+ but not CD4+ Foxp3+ T cells as a regulatory subset in primary biliary cirrhosis. Paper-15489261.
We evaluated one such candidate, thioredoxin, a PDI family member reported to reduce a labile disulfide bond in CD4. Paper-12054875.
A panel of histopathological parameters and immunophenotypic expression of CD4, CD8, CD30 and S-100 antigens was studied. Paper-9274834.
CD4(+) T cells producing IFN-gamma and IL-13 were produced in response to SLA in all patients. Paper-9460241.
The binding of the gp120 protein to CD4+-permissive cells increased the level of acetylated alpha-tubulin in a CD4-dependent manner. Paper-11055389.
Syk and ZAP-70 mediate recruitment of p56lck/ CD4 to the activated T cell receptor/CD3/zeta complex. Paper-237026.
Furthermore, we demonstrate that interaction with CD4 is mediated by the noncatalytic alpha/beta hydrolase fold domain of ACP33. Paper-8734987.
Eighty-two random, unrelated individuals were genotyped for the locus TPO, whereas for CD4 locus, 79 individuals were genotyped. Paper-10518678.
We found that gp140(gp120)-CD4- CCR5 complexes are stable and immunogenic in mice transgenic for human CD4 and CCR5. Paper-9996516.
The expressions of CD4 and Tac of cellular surface markers were increased after splenocytes were induced by anti-CD3 McAb and PHA. Paper-173613.
Interleukin-17 ( IL-17) is a proinflammatory cytokine mainly produced by activated CD4+ CD45RO T cells. Paper-10503382.
Although CD4+ CD25+ cells increased after septic insult in both C57BL/6J and IL-6 -/- mice, this was not observed in IL-10 -/- mice. Paper-13112635.
Immunocytochemical characterization of the cells showed that they were vimentin-positive but negative for factor-VIII, CD14 and CD4. Paper-1516487.
All three neuroblastoma lines were negative for the CD4 receptor mRNA according to Northern hybridization and RNase protection assays. Paper-7016494.
CD4+ CD45RA+ T cells modulate allergen- induced interleukin 2 responsiveness in human lymphocytes. Paper-7264623.
Transferrin receptors and CD4/ CD8 lymphocyte ratios in rejection and infection in cardiac transplantation recipients. Paper-6544047.
HIV-1 has therefore the capacity to dysregulate the vast CD4(+) T cell population that expresses CXCR4. Paper-10892718.
Here, we report that CD4 expression levels correlate with inefficient HIV-1 transmission by monocytic cells expressing DC-SIGN. Paper-13105276.
Interleukin-17 ( IL-17) has been characterized as a proinflammatory cytokine produced by CD4+ CD45RO+ memory T cells. Paper-9898084.
Interleukin-17 ( IL-17) has been characterized as a proinflammatory cytokine produced by CD4+ CD45RO+ memory T cells. Paper-9205228.
CD40L increased the number of CD4 and CCR5 antibody- binding sites and the percentage of CD4- and CCR5-expressing cells. Paper-9163177.
Conformational changes of gp120 in epitopes near the CCR5 binding site are induced by CD4 and a CD4 miniprotein mimetic. Paper-1970874.
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Nef and p56lck protein-tyrosine kinase interact with a common element in CD4 cytoplasmic tail. Paper-154572.
Nef suppressed this Naf1- induced augmentation of CD4 expression, providing a novel mode of Nef action in CD4 down-regulation. Paper-1716436.
CD4+ T cells expressing dn-ras secreted significantly reduced levels of TNF-alpha in response to CD4XL. Paper-1145886.
MIP-1beta- induced G-protein activation was further increased by simultaneous stimulation of CD4 with its natural agonist, interleukin-16. Paper-9871710.
CXCR4 and CCR5 were not co-immunoprecipitated in cells expressing CCR5 and CXCR4 but without CD4 expression. Paper-10917337.
The CD4 subset of lymphocytes in the adenoid produces more IL-2, whereas the CD8 subset produces more IFN-gamma. Paper-8965513.
A total of 6 alleles for F13B and 8 alleles for CD4 could be observed in a population of 216 ( F13B) and 198 ( CD4) unrelated individuals. Paper-569878.
This decline was paralleled by a decrease in CD4 (P<0.01 versus baseline/ controls) and CD8 (P<0.05 versus baseline/controls) lymphocytes. Paper-8843701.
Furthermore, the CCR5 Nt binds to a CD4-induced surface on gp120 that is composed of conserved residues in the V3 loop stem and the C4 domain. Paper-8840026.
Immunostaining showed numerous CD3+ cells, many of which were double-negative ( CD4- CD8-) and expressed CD57, especially around the follicles. Paper-12659909.
The HIV Nef protein down-regulates the cell surface expression of CD4 and of MHC I at least in part through accelerated endocytosis. Paper-928094.
SLA- and LACK-specific T cells are effector memory cells, as they are CD45RA(-) CCR7(-) CD4(+) T cells. Paper-9460241.
CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein functions as a viral chemokine in unstimulated primary CD4+ T lymphocytes. Paper-10892718.
The effect of major histocompatibility complex matching on renal pathology and OKT4/OKT8 (CD4/CD8) ratio in renal allograft rejection. Paper-5478826.
The targeted residues, belonging to the beta16/beta17 beta-hairpin, modulate gp120 binding to CD4 and gp120-CD4 complex binding to CCR5. Paper-11538159.
Addition of interleukin (IL)-2 rescued CD4+ T cells from CD4XL- induced Bcl-2 downmodulation and apoptosis induction. Paper-1089324.
A novel human WD protein, h-beta TrCp, that interacts with HIV-1 Vpu connects CD4 to the ER degradation pathway through an F-box motif. Paper-1489614.
Here we show that detergent-solubilized, purified CCR5 can directly associate with purified soluble fragments of the extracellular portion of CD4. Paper-9871710.
Recombinant fusin enabled CD4-expressing nonhuman cell types to support HIV-1 Env-mediated cell fusion and HIV-1 infection. Paper-544180.
CD4 cross- linking (CD4XL) induces RAS activation and tumor necrosis factor-alpha secretion in CD4+ T cells. Paper-1145886.
ADAMTS13 activity levels in patients with human immunodeficiency virus-associated thrombotic microangiopathy and profound CD4 deficiency. Paper-13606889.
RESULTS: Patients with HIV infection exhibited a striking increase in TIMP-1 levels; this is more evident in patients with advanced CD4 depletion. Paper-9238471.
This virus infected CD4-negative T and B cells and fused with murine 3T3 cells that expressed human CXCR4 alone. Paper-8345778.
Thus, a CD4- associated signaling molecule(s) including p56lck is activated by gp120 and is required for the down-regulation of CXCR4. Paper-1883346.
CCR5-independent fusion was not mediated by CXCR4 and was CD4 dependent, while CCR5- mediated fusion was partly independent of CD4. Paper-8839553.
HIV inhibits CD4+ T-cell proliferation by inducing indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Paper-13171184.
Such a small population of CD45RA+ CD4+ T cells expressing CD25 appeared to be present in the blood throughout human life. Paper-7005993.
These observations are of interest, as no differences between SPC and LAS patients could be detected when CD3, CD4 and CD8 subpopulations were studied. Paper-5822805.
Here we show that residues 10 to 18 constitute the minimal domain of the CCR5 Nt that is able to specifically interact with soluble gp120- CD4 complexes. Paper-8840026.
Intracellular viral capsid p24 staining showed abundant viral gene expression in BaL-infected SIRC cells expressing CD4 and CCR5. Paper-1460450.
Mutation of conserved N-glycosylation sites around the CD4- binding site of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 GP120 affects viral infectivity. Paper-6776670.
Blocking of HIV-1 infection, but not HIV-1-induced syncytium formation, by a CD4 peptide derivative partly corresponding to an immunoglobulin CDR3. Paper-6758061.
BSSL isolated from human milk bound to DC-SIGN and inhibited the transfer of HIV-1 to CD4+ T lymphocytes. Paper-11989620.
Moreover, at an age of 13-14 months, CD4+ T cells from GF mice frequently produced more IL-4 and IFN-gamma than their CC counterparts. Paper-7267690.
Recombinant IL-16 was found to up-regulate CD25 and CD80 but to down-regulate CD4 and CD86 surface expression in MDM cultures. Paper-2150087.
Binding of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 to CD4 induces association of Lck and Raf-1 and activates Raf-1 by a Ras-independent pathway. Paper-760550.
The CD4-dependent gp120 binding to CCR5 was decreased when Asp324 was replaced with a charged or hydrophobic residue, but unchanged when replaced with Asn. Paper-10993511.
Regulatory T cell (Treg) is a subset of CD4+ T lymphocytes expressing CD25 with immunosuppressive activity. Paper-13232955.
Interestingly, we reveal that PLSCR1 and PLSCR4 also interact directly with the CD4 receptor at the cell surface of T lymphocytes. Paper-13693627.
Like that of CCR5, antibody association with gp120 is dependent on sulfate moieties, enhanced by CD4, and inhibited by sulfated CCR5-derived peptides. Paper-10033720.
It concludes that the pathophysiology, in many cases seems to be distinct from idiopathic TTP (particularly with advanced HIV disease-<100 CD4/microliter). Paper-13506713.
PML and primary brain lymphoma occurred in patients who received HAART and whose CD4 counts were relatively high during the study period. Paper-12501643.
Also, the study of DR4 subtypes minimized the potential contribution of polymorphic residues of the peptide- binding groove in the interaction with CD4. Paper-330714.
R5-AIDS env pseudotypes were more resistant to TAK-779 and showed more rapid infection kinetics but similar resistance to a CD4 blocking mAb. Paper-12404624.
The percentage of cells expressing CD11c, ICAM-1, HLA-DR, and Fc receptor class III increased while the CD4 and CD35 expression was markedly decreased. Paper-7052920.
Second, we evaluated the effect of the combined treatment on polyclonal CEA-specific CD4(+) T cells in short-time re-stimulation assays. Paper-14025650.
Our results demonstrate that the soluble viral glycoproteins induce a specific phospholipase A2 ( PLA2) activation in lymphocytes through CD4. Paper-1198756.
The phospholipid scramblases 1 and 4 are cellular receptors for the secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor and interact with CD4 at the plasma membrane. Paper-13693627.
We have investigated the genetic involvement of the CD4 and the LAG3 genes, two appealing candidates for MS due to their suggested role in MS pathology. Paper-12309819.
Moesin is required for HIV-1- induced CD4- CXCR4 interaction, F-actin redistribution, membrane fusion and viral infection in lymphocytes. Paper-13498106.
The src-related protein tyrosine kinase p56lck is physically associated with CD4 and is co-immunoprecipitated by CD4 monoclonal antibody (mAb). Paper-7192659.
CR3-mediated phagocytosis was increased in patients with HIV-associated pulmonary tuberculosis, independently of CD4 counts and p24 antigenemia. Paper-2180580.
CD4 and MHC-I downregulation are conserved in primary HIV-1 Nef alleles from brain and lymphoid tissues, but Pak2 activation is highly variable. Paper-12404607.
Neutralizing antibodies directed against either CD4- induced or V3 epitopes on gp120 blocked the interaction of gp12O- CD4 complexes with CCR-5. Paper-749845.
Therefore, enhanced utilization of CD4 is one mechanism by which HIV-1 can overcome mutations in the V3 region that negatively affect CCR5 interactions. Paper-14039864.
These findings support the hypothesis that KOR-related activation of CD4(+) lymphocytes inhibits HIV-1 entry via down-regulation of CXCR4. Paper-9422433.
In contrast, neither SIRC cells expressing CD4 alone nor murine 3T3 cells expressing CCR5 and CD4 exhibited significant expression of p24. Paper-1460450.
The frequencies of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were monitored by flow cytometry using CD3, CD4, CD8, CD56, and CD69 monoclonal antibodies. Paper-12505077.
Immunohistochemical characterization of the tumors showed expression of CD4, CD56, CD43, and CD123, whereas CD8, CD20, and MPO were negative. Paper-13437001.
These results suggest that HIV-1 attachment to CD4 creates a high-affinity binding site for CCR-5, leading to membrane fusion and virus entry. Paper-749845.
HIV envelope protein gp120-triggered CD4+ T-cell adhesion to vascular endothelium is regulated via CD4 and CXCR4 receptors. Paper-13189799.
gp120 ligation of CD4 induces p56lck activation and TCR desensitization independent of TCR tyrosine phosphorylation. Paper-8251330.
These data suggest that beta TrCP and Skp1p represent components of a novel ER- associated protein degradation pathway that mediates CD4 proteolysis. Paper-1489614.
Moreover, the association and clustering of CD4- CXCR4 induced by HIV-1 gp120 requires moesin-mediated anchoring of actin in the plasma membrane. Paper-13498106.
The results indicate that IFN gamma enhances lymphocyte binding to endothelium and that the CD4 molecule may be involved in this process. Paper-6155006.
Here, we report that the novel Src homology (SH) 3/ SH2 ligand-Uncoordinated 119 ( Unc119) associates with CD3 and CD4, and activates Lck and Fyn. Paper-10508913.
Stimulation through the gamma(c)-related cytokine receptors restores JAK3 expression and activation and rescues CD4-mediated T cell unresponsiveness. Paper-1480603.
We therefore investigated whether CCR-5 acts as a second binding site for HIV-1 simultaneously with or subsequent to the interaction between gp120 and CD4. Paper-749846.
Short term treatment of cells with gp120, followed by gp120 mAb, resulted in an increase in the tyrosine kinase activity of p56lck associated with CD4. Paper-7192659.
Differential antibody reactivity and CD4 binding of the mammary tumor marker protein GCDFP-15 from breast cyst and its counterparts from exocrine epithelia. Paper-1535120.
The role of structural and functional homology between human apolipoprotein A-I and envelope proteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in CD4 receptor binding. Paper-9649914.
Silencing of both beta-TrCP1 and HOS (beta-TrCP2) is required to suppress human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu- mediated CD4 down-modulation. Paper-12428795.
Here, we show that transfection of CCR5 into CXCR4 and CD4 expressing 3T3 cells enhances the cell surface level of CXCR4. Paper-10917337.
Non-cytotoxic CD4 tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes induce responses in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma previously treated with interleukin-2. Paper-414320.
We show that multivalent ribozyme gene-transduced hematopoietic progenitors differentiated normally into mature macrophages that bear CD14 and CD4 surface markers. Paper-8774939.
Mutations in CD4 that prevent down-modulation by Nef also decrease CD4 association with p56lck and prevent Nef- induced disruption of CD4- p56lck complexes. Paper-154572.
Each STR is situated within an intron; the markers are in the genes for human coagulation factor XIII (4bp repeat), lipoprotein lipase (4bp repeat) and CD4 (5bp repeat). Paper-7659885.
Structural and functional characterization of the human CCR5 receptor in complex with HIV gp120 envelope glycoprotein and CD4 receptor by molecular modeling studies. Paper-10009127.
This interaction between exposed CypA and cell surface heparans represents the initial step of HIV-1 attachment and is a necessary precursor to gp120- binding to CD4. Paper-2074177.
In contrast, association between CD8 and CD45 during an MLR response did not occur until day 6 of a MLR whereas CD4- CD45 association was detected by 72 h of culture. Paper-45398.
Association of the adaptor molecule LAT with CD4 and CD8 coreceptors identifies a new coreceptor function in T cell receptor signal transduction. Paper-8344883.
On immunohistochemical examination, the majority of the tumor cells expressed CD 3 (Leu-4), CD 4 (Leu-3), HLA-DR CD 30 (Ki-1/Ber-H 2), and CD 25 ( IL2 receptor). Paper-7320232.
Competition studies and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) experiments indicated that (s(4)dU)(35) preferentially binds to CD4 receptors, but not to CD48. Paper-11255279.
The tumour cells were positive for lysozyme, peroxidase, CD11a, CD11c, CD33 and HLA-DR, and weakly positive for CD4 and CD14, suggesting granulocytic differentiation. Paper-8664800.
CD4 and CD8 expression of large granular lymphocytes after bone marrow transplantation and its effect on lymphocyte CD4/ CD8 ratio. Paper-7586971.
Concomitantly to internalization of gp120 and disappearance of membrane CD4, a correlated loss of the CD4- associated tyrosine kinase p56lck is evidenced. Paper-7456513.
Immunohistochemical stains for CD4, CD34, CD56, CD68, CD117, CD123, TdT, lysozyme and myeloperoxidase were performed on 12 with available tissue blocks. Paper-12688823.
The coreceptor usage of chimeric viruses was related to the ability of the virus to bind CD4, with reduced CD4 binding correlating with preferential usage of CXCR4. Paper-8964090.
Interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-10 enhanced the entry and replication of HIV-1 in microglia through up-regulation of CD4 and CCR5 expression, respectively. Paper-9159339.
Morbidity not increased in rheumatoid arthritis patient with profound lymphopenia following CD4 monoclonal antibody therapy: comment on the article by Isaacs et al. Paper-9176942.
We were looking for a correlation between the percentages of CD4, CD8 lymphocytes and IFN-gamma and IL-4 concentrations in stimulated PHA cells cultures (PBMC). Paper-844935.
We propose that a PDI.CD4 association at the cell surface enables PDI to reach CD4-bound virus and to reduce disulfide bonds present in the domain of gp120 that binds to CD4. Paper-9318921.
Both CD4+ CD45RA and CD4+ CD45RO T cells were stimulated to proliferate by anti- CD52 antibodies in the presence of appropriate co-stimulatory factors. Paper-209417.
Anti- CD4 mAbs mimicked the effect of gp120, and both anti- CD4 Ab and gp120 caused internalization of CXCR4 in HEK 293 cells provided they also expressed CD4. Paper-1600530.
The CD31 antigen (PECAM-1) has been reported to be a stable marker for a human CD4 T-cell subpopulation unable to produce interleukin-4 ( IL-4). Paper-619046.
These results indicate that engagement of both CD4 and CXCR4 is required for HIV- induced shedding of L-selectin on primary resting CD4(+) T cells. Paper-10350757.
These findings indicate novel mechanisms of CD4+ T-cells recruitment to activated endothelium via CD4 and CXCR4, which are modulated by statin. Paper-13189799.
CD4 interacts constitutively with multiple CCR5 at the plasma membrane of living cells. A fluorescence recovery after photobleaching at variable radii approach. Paper-12621362.
A novel subpopulation of CD45RA+ CD4+ T cells expressing IL-2 receptor alpha-chain ( CD25) and having a functionally transitional nature into memory cells. Paper-7005993.
Cytolysis by CCR5-using human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoproteins is dependent on membrane fusion and can be inhibited by high levels of CD4 expression. Paper-9718403.
We now find that both IIIB gp120 and the Cys-X-Cys chemokine SDF-1 alpha can directly induce apoptosis in hNT neurons in the absence of CD4 and in a dose-dependent manner. Paper-1506305.
Using high-resolution deconvolution fluorescent microscopy of living cells, we found that both CD4 and CCR5 accumulate in protruding membrane structures containing actin and ezrin. Paper-9871849.
Uninfected H9 cells and MNC membranes labelled for CD4, HLA class I and class II, and, at low density, CD11a and CD54; lysosomal structures in the cytoplasm labelled for CD63. Paper-7582716.
Non-redundant role for IL-12 and IL-27 in modulating Th2 polarization of carcinoembryonic antigen specific CD4 T cells from pancreatic cancer patients. Paper-14025650.
We previously showed that a soluble gp120- CD4 complex specifically binds to a peptide corresponding to CCR5 Nt residues 2 to 18, with sulfotyrosines in positions 10 and 14. Paper-8840026.
The beta-chemokine receptor CCR-5 is an essential co-factor for fusion of HIV-1 strains of the non-syncytium- inducing (NSI) phenotype with CD4+ T-cells. Paper-749846.
Thus, the physical association of CD4 and CCR5 results in receptor cross-talk with allosteric CD4-dependent regulation of the binding and signaling properties of CCR5. Paper-9871710.
Using immunoprecipitation/ Western immunoblotting however, we were unable to show any direct association between CD4 and PLC-gamma, PI-3K, or other known signaling proteins. Paper-9221325.
METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) isolated from HIV-positive individuals were co-stained for expression of CD4 and ABCB1, ABCC1, ABCG2, CXCR4 and CCR5. Paper-13388020.
In contrast, even when viruses enter sMAGI cells using CD4 and an endogenous rhesus coreceptor at levels sufficient to saturate TRIM5alpha, they do not productively infect the sMAGI cells. Paper-13255821.
CR1 ( CD35) and CR3 ( CD11b/ CD18) mediate infection of human monocytes and monocytic cell lines with complement-opsonized HIV independently of CD4. Paper-87618.
When transfected into nonhuman NIH 3T3 cells expressing human CD4, the STRL33 cDNA rendered these cells competent to fuse with cells expressing HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins (Envs). Paper-1040634.
This association may allow CD45 to engage and dephosphorylate lck or another CD4- or CD8-associated substrate in order to reset the receptor complex to receive a new set of stimuli. Paper-45398.
35 mAb was necessary to reduce such HIV-1 activities compared with those of anti-Leu-3a and OKT4A mAbs which recognize CD4 epitopes near a portion corresponding to an immunoglobulin CDR2. Paper-72679.
The data suggest that CD4+ cells may facilitate the early clearance of bacteria by regulating neutrophils function possibly through an IFN-gamma-dependent mechanism. Paper-14316979.
Bile salt-stimulated lipase from human milk binds DC-SIGN and inhibits human immunodeficiency virus type 1 transfer to CD4+ T cells. Paper-11989620.
RESULTS: CD4 and CD8 were co-expressed on 76.8% of the lymphoid cells in encapsulated thymoma (N=14), 59.2% in invasive thymoma (N=10), and 6.7% in thymic cancer (N=3). Paper-8530785.
In this study, we followed the reaction of the pulp tissue to five antibodies ( CD20, CD45Ro, CD4, CD8, and CD68) in order to evaluate the inflammatory aspects of the dental pulp. Paper-13766615.
It is now well established that an array of CC and CXC chemokine receptors, in association with the CD4 molecule, can interact with the HIV-1 gp120 protein to facilitate viral fusion. Paper-1505369.
We found that a small but significant fraction of CD4+ T cells in neonatal blood expressed CD25, although most generally exhibited the phenotype of naive cells. Paper-7005993.
Here we show that LAT associates with surface CD4 and CD8 coreceptors and that its association is promoted by the same coreceptor cysteine motif that mediates Lck binding. Paper-8344883.
Upon infection, the SVG/ CD4 cells produced 20-fold higher levels of the HIV intracellular core antigen P24 than the CD4 negative parental cells and in addition formed syncytia. Paper-1251199.
Binding of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 to CD4 and CXCR4 receptors differentially regulates expression of inflammatory genes and activates the MEK/ ERK signaling pathway. Paper-1498970.
In this study, to clarify pathogenesis of vitiligo, the marginal skin of actively spreading and stable vitiligo was examined using ICAM-1, HLA-DR, CD4 and CD8 monoclonal antibodies. Paper-8109038.
IL-4 stimulated HIV-1 replication in MDMs but down-regulated CD4 and CCR5 expression and inhibited virus entry, whereas IL-10 had the opposite effects. Paper-9159339.
Cutting edge: Vascular endothelial growth factor-mediated signaling in human CD45RO+ CD4+ T cells promotes Akt and ERK activation and costimulates IFN-gamma production. Paper-14200431.
Interleukin-16 ( IL-16), a natural ligand for the CD4 receptor, has been found to modulate T-lymphocyte function and to inhibit human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ( HIV-1) replication. Paper-2150087.
In fact, LAT competes with Lck for binding to individual coreceptor molecules but differs from Lck in its preferential association with CD8 rather than CD4 in CD4(+)CD8(+) thymocytes. Paper-8344883.
Here we used an approach combining protein structure modeling, docking and molecular dynamics simulation to build a series of structural models of the CCR5 in complexes with gp120 and CD4. Paper-10009127.
At the plasma membrane of T cells, CD4 is tightly associated with a cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase ( p56lck) that is involved in T-cell activation. Paper-7406001.
Since the initial event of HIV infection of CD4+ cells is the interaction of the virus coat glycoprotein gp120 with CD4 molecule, we investigated whether gp120 is responsible for IFN induction. Paper-7302175.
Recombinant IL-16 induces rapid translocation of PKC from the cytosol to the membrane in three separate CD4+ cell types: normal blood T cells, SUPT1 cells, and THP1 cells. Paper-514630.
Binding to CD4 is followed by engagement of specific chemokine receptors ( CCR5 or CXCR4), triggering molecular rearrangements in the envelope transmembrane subunit that result in membrane fusion. Paper-13111154.
We found that natural gp120 could stimulate monocytes to release TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, and granulocyte-macrophage- CSF, and this effect could be blocked with soluble CD4. Paper-6981993.
We have taken a biochemical approach to understand the mechanism by which p56lck and, in particular, its src homology (SH) 2 domain contributes to the association of CD4 with TCR/CD3/zeta during activation. Paper-237026.
Altogether, our results suggest that HIV-1 glycoprotein gp120 is able to down-modulate membrane CD4 presumably by a cointernalization process and to further down-modulate the associated p56lck. Paper-7456513.
Use of erythropoietin was more likely in patients of nonminority race, those who did not inject drugs, those with a lower CD4 count or AIDS, and those being treated for cytomegalovirus disease (p < .05). Paper-1540860.
Surface plasmon resonance analysis also showed that anti- GCDFP-15 and anti- gp17 antibodies inhibit the binding of CD4 to GCDFP-15 and gp17, respectively, to different extents. Paper-1535120.
Mechanism for complement-mediated, antibody-dependent enhancement of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in MT2 cells is enhanced entry through CD4, CD21, and CXCR4 chemokine receptors. Paper-12239176.
Inhibition of mTOR/ FRAP by rapamycin reduces apoptosis in several paradigms of syncytium-dependent death, including in primary CD4(+) lymphoblasts infected by HIV-1. Paper-9047892.
All cases expressed the IL-3R but the IL-5R gene was expressed predominantly in leukaemic cells with either t(8;21) or CD4-positive immunophenotype and was associated with the presence of eosinophilia. Paper-395087.
Therefore, we propose that activated moesin promotes F-actin redistribution and CD4- CXCR4 clustering and is also required for efficient X4-tropic HIV-1 infection in permissive lymphocytes. Paper-13498106.
Modulation of Bcl-2 protein by CD4 cross-linking: a possible mechanism for lymphocyte apoptosis in human immunodeficiency virus infection and for rescue of apoptosis by interleukin-2. Paper-1089324.
The CD45R hi/ CD4+ T cells isolated from the spinal cords were larger and expressed more lymphokine RNA per cell than the CD45R lo/ CD4+ T cells. Paper-7848177.
Activation of beta-catenin signaling, through LiCl or transfection with a constitutively active construct of beta-catenin, induced CD4 on CD8(+) T cells by approximately 10-fold. Paper-15332506.
Using a transient expression system with HeLa cells, we show by pulse-labeling and immunoprecipitation that newly synthesized CD4 can associate with p56lck before CD4 is transported from the ER. Paper-7406001.
These studies indicate the mechanism of CXCR4 receptor desensitization induced by a natural ligand for CD4, IL-16, is distinct from the inhibitory effects induced by either gp120 or IL-16 on CCR5. Paper-8577308.
Immunohistochemical detection of S-100 antigen, cytokeratin and CD4 showed that hybridization signals appeared in cytokeratin positive cells and CD4 positive cells but not in S-100 positive cells. Paper-10997980.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 nef gene induces endocytosis of CD4 antigen and disrupts the association between CD4 and p56lck protein-tyrosine kinase (EC 2.7.1.112). Paper-154572.
There were significant statistical differences in the percentages of CD4/ CD8 double positive cells, CD4- or CD8-single positive cells, CD10-positive cells and CD20-positive cells among the three groups. Paper-8530785.
Because the information content of these systems is high and because their genotyping is technically reliable and simple, CD4, THO1, VWA31/A, and TP53 are appropriate genetic systems for anthropological genetics. Paper-968232.
Six genes, including CD4, triosephosphate isomerase, B3 subunit of G proteins ( GNB3), and ubiquitin isopeptidase T ( ISOT), with known functions, and two new genes with unknown functions were identified. Paper-8255864.
We assessed the consequences of a complete inhibition of TNF processing on the course of colitis in recombination activating gene (RAG)2 -/- mice on transfer of CD4 CD45RB hi T cells. Paper-10622744.
Since SLPI was able to disrupt the association between PLSCR1 and CD4, our data suggest that SLPI inhibits HIV-1 infection by modulating the interaction of the CD4 receptor with PLSCRs. Paper-13693627.
The protein tyrosine kinase p56lck is required for triggering NF-kappaB activation upon interaction of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 with cell surface CD4. Paper-1460510.
Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and CD4 fulfil vital functions in cellular signal transduction: FAK is a central component in integrin signalling, whereas CD4 plays essential roles in the immune defence. Paper-12686360.
Moreover, the HIV-1 progeny released from IFN-treated cells showed an increased ability to bind to and to infect CD4-negative cells, whereas the infectivity was basically unchanged for CD4-positive cells. Paper-412736.
A, B, D, F and O clade gp 140s were found to be multimeric, bind to a panel of defined env-specific monoclonal antibodies and interact with CD4 and CXCR4, demonstrating correct folding. Paper-10417289.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ( HIV-1) Vpu protein interacts with CD4 within the endoplasmic reticula of infected cells and targets CD4 for degradation through interaction with beta-TrCP1. Paper-12428795.
We now report that recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) is also capable of inducing CD154/ CD40L on CD4+ T lymphoblasts via a pathway triggered independently of the CD3/ TCR receptor complex. Paper-9096780.
Lower antibody titers to the envelope protein gp110, the core protein p24, and the reverse transcriptase enzyme p51/65 were also predictive of progression to AIDS independent of their association with CD4 cell levels. Paper-5488202.
Nef targets the CCR5 coreceptor and the HIV binding receptor CD4 via distinct cellular machineries to enhance the endocytosis rate of both HIV receptor components and to accelerate their degradation. Paper-10785717.
CD68 immunohistochemistry on paraffin-embedded sections showed many histiocytes and plasmacytoid monocytes in all cases, whereas CD3, CD4, and CD8 showed highly variable staining among the cases. Paper-1983831.
The chemokine receptor CCR5 is constitutively associated with the T cell co-receptor CD4 in plasma cell membranes, but the physiological role of this interaction has not been elucidated. Paper-9871710.
In this study, we find that CD45RO+ memory populations of CD4+ T lymphocytes express the vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF) receptors KDR and Flt-1 at both the mRNA and protein levels. Paper-14200431.
Furthermore, previous studies revealed the capacity of certain beta-defensin family members to chemoattract immature dendritic cells and CD45RO+ CD4+ T cells through chemokine receptor CCR6. Paper-15147802.
We found that T-tropic gp120s were capable of priming co-down-modulation with tailless CD4 by interacting with CXCR4, whereas M-tropic SF162 gp120 could not after PMA treatment even in the presence of CCR5. Paper-10577083.
Sulfated tyrosines contribute to the binding of CCR5 to MIP-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta, and HIV-1 gp120/ CD4 complexes and to the ability of HIV-1 to enter cells expressing CCR5 and CD4. Paper-1800201.
The panels were evaluated by comparing the following cell characteristics: size, internal structure, and up to five distinct fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies to cell surface antigens: CD3, CD16+CD56, CD19, CD8, and CD4. Paper-8563383.
By comparing the kinetic constants for binding of GCDFP-5 and gp17 to CD4 by biosensor technology, significant differences in binding affinities were observed between the 2 factors, thus reflecting structural differences. Paper-1535120.
It has been recently found that, in the presence of gp120, CD4 can be efficiently coimmunoprecipitated by anti- CXCR4 antibodies from lymphocytes and monocytes but not from blood monocyte-derived macrophages. Paper-8447419.
In the presence of phorbol esters and cross-linking anti-Ig antibodies, mAbs specific for CD52 induced proliferation and lymphokine production in highly purified resting CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. Paper-209417.
PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: DNA-Microarray analyses of human as well as murine conventional CD4(+) Th cells and nTregs revealed a strong up-regulation of mature miR-155 ( microRNA-155) upon activation in both populations. Paper-14009676.
Variability and prognostic values of virologic and CD4 cell measures in human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected patients with 200-500 CD4 cells/mm(3) ( ACTG 175). AIDS Clinical Trials Group Protocol 175 Team. Paper-1349999.
CD4(+) T cells producing IFN-gamma are CD62L(-), and CD4(+) T cells producing IL-10 are CD62L(+), indicating that these cells have different tissue-homing capacities. Paper-9460241.
Using human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells stably expressing CD4, p56(lck), or both molecules, we provide direct evidence that expression of CD4 and p56(lck) is required for HIV-1- induced NF-kappaB translocation. Paper-1460510.
Preincubation of PBMC with anti- CD4 or the presence of soluble CD4 during incubation inhibited IFN induction, indicating that interaction of gp120 with cell-associated CD4 is responsible for this induction. Paper-7302175.
Furthermore, a CD4-independent R5 HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein was able to kill CD4-negative target cells expressing CCR5, demonstrating that CD4 is not intrinsically required for the induction of death. Paper-9718403.
We previously demonstrated that gp17 binds to CD4 with high affinity and strongly inhibits T lymphocyte apoptosis induced by sequential cross-linking of CD4 and T cell receptor (TCR). Paper-8454385.
These findings indicate that Asp or Asn at position 324 of the V3 stem stabilizes the conformation of V3 loop and hence influences the intensities of interaction between CD4- activated gp120 and CCR5 which results in viral entry. Paper-10993511.
Here we show that soluble PDI cleaves disulfide bonds in recombinant envelope glycoprotein gp120 and that gp120 bound to the surface receptor CD4 undergoes a disulfide reduction that is prevented by PDI inhibitors. Paper-9318921.
In contrast the activation-independent adhesion of CD4+ T cell to ELAM-1 molecules does not lead to T cell stimulation as measured by proliferation, IL-2R alpha expression, or cytokine release. Paper-6872087.
We propose that the interaction of the p56lck SH2 domain with zeta- associated tyrosine- phosphorylated ZAP-70 and/or Syk enables CD4 to associate with antigen-stimulated TCR/CD3/zeta complexes. Paper-237026.
We found that the ability of thioredoxin to reduce the disulfide bond in CD4 is enhanced in the presence of HIV-1 Env gp120 and that thioredoxin also reduces disulfide bonds in gp120 directly in the absence of CD4. Paper-12054875.
In CD4 expressing CCR5 and CXCR4 double positive NIH 3T3 cells, immunoprecipitation followed by Western blot analysis revealed that CCR5 was associated with CXCR4 and CD4. Paper-10917337.
CONCLUSION: Increasing maternal serum human chorionic gonadotropin and maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein levels in patients with human immunodeficiency virus are correlated with increasing viral load and decreasing CD4 counts. Paper-9669030.
PKC inhibitors H7, calphostin C, chelerythrine, and bisindolylmaleimide completely block IL-16- induced lymphocyte migration as well as the motile response induced by HIV-1 gp120 and anti- CD4 antibodies. Paper-514630.
However, Nef mutants that cause internalized CD4 to be recycled do not associate with PI3K activity; thus Nef-associated PI3K activity might be involved in the latter process of targeting CD4 to a degradative pathway. Paper-8282020.
The effects of a soluble trimeric CD40 ligand ( CD40L) agonist on the expression of CD4 and CCR5 and on human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV) type 1 entry into and replication in human macrophages were investigated. Paper-9163177.
We have previously demonstrated that ligation of CD4 by T-cell tropic HIV-1 NL4-3 induces metalloproteinase-dependent L-selectin ( CD62L) shedding on resting CD4(+) T cells. Paper-10350757.
Intact Fn and Fn-CTHBD strongly inhibit the interaction of gp120/160 with soluble CD4 and, under low serum conditions, are capable of neutralizing the infectivity of HIV-1 for CD4-positive T cells. Paper-1332542.
Vaccines or other strategies that promote the growth of CD4+ T cells capable of expressing CD40L may help to sustain host immunity against HIV and prevent AIDS-defining opportunistic infections. Paper-8483423.
CD4 is also expressed by invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT), which recognize natural and synthetic lipid antigens, such as alpha-galactosyl ceramide ( alpha-GalCer), in association with the MHC class I-like CD1d molecule. Paper-13308596.
Tat and Rev are indispensable regulatory factors for HIV-1 replication, whereas Env mediates virus entry by direct interaction with surface receptor CD4 and coreceptor CCR5 or CXCR4. Paper-9594211.
Whereas among CD45RA+ CD4+ T-cells both CD31+ and CD31- subsets produce interleukin-2 ( IL-2) upon PMA/ ionomycin stimulation, only the CD31- subpopulation is able to produce IFN-gamma. Paper-1169376.
These tests include: HIV-ELISA ( enzyme linked immunosorbent assay), HIV-Western Blot, PCR ( polymerase chain reaction) gene amplification, p24 core antigen assay, Beta 2-microglobulin levels, and CD4 lymphocyte counts. Paper-344435.
Recently, Runx family proteins were found to have an essential role in either temporal transcriptional repression or irreversible epigenetic silencing at the CD4 locus through binding to a CD4 silencer at different stages of development. Paper-10255925.
To investigate interactions between HIV-1 and CD4(+) cells, activated, phosphorylated STAT proteins in nuclear extracts from lymphocytic and promonocytic cell lines as well as primary monocyte-derived macrophages were measured. Paper-9658799.
This result indicated that the signaling cascade which controls HIV-1-induced NF-kappaB activation requires the integrity of the CD4 cytoplasmic tail and suggested the involvement of a second protein that binds to this portion of the molecule. Paper-1460510.
We assessed the prevalence and functional capacity of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in healthy donors, and in untreated and IFN-beta-treated MS patients, in response to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein ( MOG). Paper-13178563.
The percentage of CD4 lymphocytes and of natural killer (NK) cells was significantly higher in PIH patients compared to controls ( CD4: 42.9 +/- 10.5 vs. 32.7 +/- 12.5%; p < 0.05; NK: 14.7 +/- 6.3 vs. 8.3 +/- 3.4%; p < 0.01). Paper-163903.
Although the precise physiological role of the CD4 effects on CCR5-mediated signaling remains unknown, one can speculate that the cross-talk is a component of mechanisms involved in the fine tuning of immune system cell responses. Paper-9871710.
Given that Wnt/ beta-catenin signaling plays a critical role in the transition of CD4(-)CD8(-) to CD4(+)CD8(+) thymocytes, we determined whether beta-catenin mediates CD4 expression on mature CD8(+) T cells. Paper-15332506.
We examined the role of CD4, CXCR4, and CCR5 in HIV envelope- mediated apoptosis by measuring the response of activated PBMCs to recombinant envelope proteins derived from CXCR4- and CCR5-utilizing viruses. Paper-9396377.
HIV-1 infection is initiated by the interaction of the envelope glycoprotein gp120 with the cellular receptor CD4 that triggers conformational changes in gp120 necessary for subsequent interaction with a coreceptor CCR5 (or CXCR4). Paper-10524892.
A gp120 fragment retaining the CD4- binding site and overlapping epitopes was able to interact with CCR-5 only if the V3 loop, which can specify HIV-1 tropism and chemokine receptor choice, was also present on the molecule. Paper-749845.
Soluble CD4 was found to potentiate binding of the HIV-2 ST and SIVmac239 envelope glycoproteins to CCR5, suggesting that a CD4- induced conformational change in SU is required for subsequent binding to CCR5. Paper-1137544.
In addition, IFN-gamma and IL-2 mRNA were significantly more abundant than IL-4 mRNA in activated neonatal CD4+CD8- thymocytes and CD4+ T cells, as well as adult CD4+ CD45R- T cells. Paper-6916664.
The association between Lck and Raf-1 was mediated by stimulation of the CD4 receptors, since it was abolished by preincubation of the virus with soluble CD4 and was not detected in CD4-negative A201 T cells. Paper-760550.
Later, with the development of AIDS, CD40L- expressing CD4+ T cells become selectively depleted, perhaps as a result of a gp120-induced signal through CD4 that down-regulates CD40L expression. Paper-8483423.
Immunohistochemical and confocal microscopy data indicated that DC-SIGN was coexpressed and colocalized with CD4 and CCR5 on alveolar macrophages, underscoring the physiological significance of these cis enhancement effects. Paper-9095686.
Our chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that Runx1 inhibits the elongation but not initiation of transcription and that RNAPII is engaged at the CD4 promoter but is unable to elongate in CD4(-) CD8(+) thymoma cells. Paper-11497362.
In contrast, TGF-beta 1 was not detectable in ductal epithelial cells expressing HLA-DR around infiltrating CD4+ CD45RO+ activated T cells, in the salivary gland tissue of patients with Sjögren's syndrome. Paper-895497.
The association between alpha4/beta7 expression and IFN-gamma production by CD4+ T cells may help to determine the cytokine balance when MAdCAM-1 is expressed at sites of inflammation in the intestine or elsewhere. Paper-8986900.
These studies identify a distinct subset of CD4- induced HIV-1 neutralizing antibodies that closely emulate CCR5 and demonstrate that tyrosine sulfation can contribute to the potency and diversity of the human humoral response. Paper-10033720.
We have previously shown that binding of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ( HIV-1) virions to CD4 receptors stimulates association of Lck with Raf-1 and results in the activation of Raf-1 kinase in a Ras-independent manner. Paper-1498970.
We studied RANTES mutants with deficient oligomerization in an assay in which recruitment of monocytes and CD45RO+ CD4+ T cells is triggered by RANTES immobilized on activated endothelium under flow conditions. Paper-10000328.
Some memory (CD45RO+ CD45RA-) populations of CD4+ T cells from adult individuals express IL-2 receptor (IL-2R) alpha-chain ( CD25), but naive (CD45RO- CD45RA+) CD4+ T cells only do so to a small degree. Paper-7005993.
Anti- CD52 antibodies also augmented the anti-CD3 mediated proliferative response of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells when the two antibodies were co-immobilized onto the same surface or cross-linked in solution by the same second antibody. Paper-209417.
The gp120- CXCR4 interaction was blocked by anti-gp120 antibodies directed against the third variable (V3) loop and CD4-induced epitopes, structures that have also been implicated in the binding of gp120 to the other HIV-1 coreceptor, CCR5. Paper-9047214.
We also found that the composition of the CD4 subset changes with age: in children the CD45R molecule is expressed on the majority of CD4 cells, whereas in aged subjects the absolute number of these lymphocytes is greatly reduced. Paper-6089248.
We found that the cytoplasmic region of CD4 was sufficient for the chimeric proteins to co-precipitate CD81, while both the cytoplasmic and extracellular regions of CD4 were required for them to efficiently co-precipitate CD82. Paper-314050.
The first is CD4 and the second, identified in 1996, is a member of the family of chemokine receptors, members of the G-protein coupled 7TM superfamily, which are involved in the trafficking of leukocytes in immune surveillance and inflammation. Paper-10712838.
They were also focally positive for CD68 and CD4, but were uniformly negative for leukocyte common antigen, CD1a, CD3, CD20, CD21, CD23, CD34, CD35, actin, desmin, HMB45, cytokeratins, and placental alkaline phosphatase. Paper-1983845.
Moreover, the fact that HIV-1 stimulation did not induce nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB in cells expressing a mutant form of CD4 at position 420 (C420A) and the wild-type p56(lck) indicates the requirement for a functional CD4-p56(lck) complex. Paper-1460510.
Although production of MIP 1 alpha and IL-8 were similar in pharmacologically stimulated CD4+ CD45RA+, CD4+ CD45RO+, and CD8+ CD45RA+ cells, the largest amounts of MIP 1 alpha and RANTES were secreted by CD8+ CD45RO+ lymphocytes. Paper-193771.
The affinity of the CD4- CCR5 complex for MIP-1beta was 3.5-fold lower than for CCR5, but the interaction of CD4 and CCR5 resulted in a receptor complex that exhibited enhanced G-protein signaling as compared with CCR5 alone. Paper-9871710.
The CD4(+) CD45RB(low) population of cells extracted from the affected large intestine secreted high levels of interferon gamma ( IFN-gamma) and tumour necrosis factor alpha ( TNF-alpha) at the protein and mRNA levels. Paper-9375036.
Taken together, these findings suggest that the CD43 molecules expressed on CD4+ memory T cells may be capable of enhancing the costimulatory signaling and hence providing accessory functions to TCR-mediated activation processes. Paper-10430760.
Fluorocytometry and calcium-mobilization assay did not provide evidence of expression of any of the major HIV-1 coreceptors, including CXCR4, CCR5, CCR3, and CCR2b, as well as the CD4 molecule on the cell surface of human fetal astrocytes. Paper-8314035.
In this study, we have investigated the roles of Fas interaction with its ligand ( FasL) and of accessory cells in the CD4XL model of T cell apoptosis mediated by the anti- CD4 mAb Leu3a- or HIV-1 envelope protein g120. Paper-895451.
We have previously shown that CD4(+) T cells that express the lowest density of CD44 (CD4(+)CD44(v.low)) are significantly reduced in diabetic NOD mice that are cachexic compared with diabetic mice that are not cachexic. Paper-13003021.
Killer cell Ig-like receptors CD158a and CD158b display a coactivatory function, involving the c-Jun NH2-terminal protein kinase signaling pathway, when expressed on malignant CD4+ T cells from a patient with Sezary syndrome. Paper-13254434.
In addition immunological examination of the patients revealed a mild decrease in the CD4 positive cell number, a significantly reduced CD4/ CD8 ratio, a diminished PHA reactivity and leukocyte migration factor production of lymphocytes. Paper-984309.
Here we show that elimination of a single glycosylation site at asparagine 197 in the V1/V2 stem is sufficient for CD4-independent gp120 binding to CCR5 and for HIV-1 entry into CD4-negative cells expressing CCR5. Paper-8701276.
Higher prenatal exposure to Der p 1 (>0.2 microg/g dust) was associated with a significant lower percentage of IFN-gamma producing stimulated CD4(+) T lymphocytes, compared with lower prenatal Der p 1 exposure (p = 0.03). Paper-10533968.
This PLA2 activation was induced after envelope glycoprotein- CD4 interaction and, because of its local membrane-destabilizing effect, may have important implications for preparing the lymphocyte membrane for fusion with the viral particle. Paper-1198756.
RESULTS: The morphology, immunocytochemistry and phenotype of cultured cells was consistent with dendritic cells: intense positivity for HLA-DR and CD86, with negativity for markers of other lineages, including CD3, CD4, CD8 and CD14. Paper-13202246.
Functional assays demonstrate the cargo-dependent involvement of eps15/15R and epsin, UIM containing clathrin adaptors, in the endocytosis of model proteins, CD4 and the activated beta(2)-adrenergic receptor complex, containing polymeric or oligomeric Ub. Paper-11339302.
The reversed CD4/ CD8 ratio in the blood in cases of chronic loss of chyle may be due to either selective transport of CD4 lymphocytes into the lymphatic fluids or a shorter half-life of CD8 compared to CD4 lymphocytes. Paper-6194642.
By comparing the effects of various anti- CD4 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) with those of gp120, we show that gp120 and IOT4a modulate CD4 expression, and decrease CD4- associated p56lck and CD4-linked kinase activity at the plasma membrane. Paper-255426.
Our studies showed a significant up-regulation of FN especially in uninfected cells, with a dose of 2.5 microg ml(-1); in contrast, a significant down-modulation of CD4 and CD71 both in uninfected and in acutely or chronically infected cells, was detected. Paper-8340974.
Beta-catenin- mediated induction of CD4 on CD8(+) T cells is transcriptionally regulated, as it induced CD4 mRNA, and T cell factor/lymphoid enhancer factor sites were identified within the human CD4 promoter. Paper-15332506.
Samples of contusional and non-contusional areas were studied using antibodies directed against antigens of microglia/ macrophages [ major histocompatibility complex class II, CD4, interleukin (IL)-16, macrophage-related protein ( MRP) 8 and MRP14]. Paper-8614003.
Due ti this basic need for information, we have studied diverse lymphocytic subpopulations in a normal population that serves as a reference group, using the following antigens: CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, CD45RA, CD25, LAM1, CD29, CD11b and CD23. Paper-7301983.
Interestingly, Pf could be detected in a substantial subset (13 +/- 2%) of memory CD4+ CD45RO+ cells, on relevant percentages of memory (CD45RO+) and naive (CD45RA+) CD8+ cells and on virtually all CD3- CD16+, CD3- CD56+ and NKB1+ natural killer cells, as expected. Paper-1416111.
The results suggest that CD4+ T cells with the naive (CD45RA+) phenotype expressing IL-2R alpha-chain ( CD25) represent the novel transitional population in the maturation process of naive into memory CD4+ T cells. Paper-7005993.
V2 loop glycosylation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 SF162 envelope facilitates interaction of this protein with CD4 and CCR5 receptors and protects the virus from neutralization by anti-V3 loop and anti- CD4 binding site antibodies. Paper-8410776.
We further demonstrate that the physical association of CCR5 and CD4 in membrane vesicles results in the formation of a receptor complex that exhibits macrophage inflammatory protein 1beta ( MIP-1beta) binding properties that are distinct from CCR5. Paper-9871710.
The same susceptibility is observed in T-cells expressing a truncated form of CD4 that is able to recruit Siva-1 but fails to associate with p56Lck, indicating that Siva-1 participates in a pathway independent of the p56Lck kinase activity. Paper-12563552.
Endo-beta-N-glucosaminidase H (EndoH) treatment of gp120-Fc under conditions that maintained wild-type CD4 binding-and the full complement of complex glycans-significantly decreased (>90%) binding to DC-SIGN expressing cell lines, as well as to MDDCs. Paper-9231953.
In addition, a larger proportion of CD4+ T cells infected with R5 viruses had significantly higher levels of activation-marker expression (e.g. CD25, CD71 and HLA-DR) than CD4+ T lymphocytes infected with X4 viruses (P<0.02). Paper-11010816.
At the physiological concentrations found in saliva, SLPI has a specific antiviral activity against HIV-1 that is related to the perturbation of the virus entry process at a stage posterior to the interaction of the viral surface glycoprotein with the CD4 receptor. Paper-13693627.
There was no experimental evidence that this difference was due to a lower availability of target cells for viral infection (PBMCs positive for CD4 and CCR5 molecules) or to a differential susceptibility to apoptosis (PBMCs positive for CD4 and CD95 molecules). Paper-9510029.
RESULTS: In acute hepatitis C, generally only a low percentage of HCV-specific CD4(+) T cells expressed FOXP3(+) (mean of 2.5% in patients with self-limited acute hepatitis C vs 2.4% in patients with evolving chronic hepatitis C). Paper-14028025.
Influence of FK 506 ( tacrolimus) on circulating CD4+ T cells expressing CD25 and CD45RA antigens in 19 patients with chronic progressive multiple sclerosis participating in an open label drug safety trial. Paper-253337.
These results point to a new function for CD4 and CD8 coreceptors in TCR signal transduction, namely to promote LAT phosphorylation by ZAP-70 by recruiting LAT to major histocompatibility complex-engaged TCR complexes. Paper-8344883.
The gp120 glycoprotein is used for binding to CD4 receptor and CCR5 co-receptor of T helper 2 (Th2) cells and the virions shed gp120 is able to induce FcepsilonRI+ hematopoietic cells to produce IL-4, which inactivate the host adaptive immune response. Paper-10535538.
Chimeras between the DR4 or DR1 molecules, which interact efficiently with CD4, and DRw53, which interacts poorly, allowed the mapping of polymorphic residues between positions beta 180 and 189 that can exert a dramatic influence on the interaction with CD4. Paper-330714.
Together, these findings suggest that although CD4+ CD25+ T regulatory cells induced by IL-10 seem to contribute to aspects of sepsis-induced lymphoid immune suppression, the oblation of CD25+ cells does not provide a survival advantage or disadvantage. Paper-13112635.
HIV-1 infection of target monocytes or T cells by cell-free virus was blocked completely or partially by some mAb that prevent cell-cell interactions ( CD4, HLA-DR, LFA-1, LFA-3), but not by others (ICAM-1, MAC-1, gp150.95, CD2, CD3, CD14). Paper-7031862.
Binding of purified HIV-1 virions or recombinant HIV-1 glycoprotein gp120 to CD4 receptors resulted in association and tyrosine phosphorylation and activation of tyrosine kinase Lck and serine/ threonine kinase Raf-1. Paper-760550.
When risk estimates were adjusted for time-dependent covariates of CD4, serum beta2-microglobulin, P24 antigen, antiretroviral use, and the other subscales of the CES-D, positive affect remained significantly predictive of lower risk of AIDS mortality (RR = 0.90, CI = 0.85-0.97). Paper-9920677.
Collectively, these data demonstrate that beta-catenin is critical in inducing CD4 expression on mature CD8(+) T cells, suggesting that it is a common pathway for CD4 upregulation among thymocytes and mature CD8(+) T cells. Paper-15332506.
We also evaluated whether factors such as gender, age, and HIV-exposure category were associated with being LTNP; we determined the overlap among the definitions and compared the CD4 and CD8 counts and the CD4/ CD8 decline among LTNPs and "moderate" and "fast" progressors. Paper-954994.
Using murine T cell hybridomas transfected to express native or mutated forms of CD4, it was determined that IL-16/ CD4 induces a p56(lck)-dependent inhibitory signal for CXCR4, which is independent of its tyrosine catalytic activity. Paper-8577308.
The costimulation mediated by the activation-dependent interaction of the VLA-4 and LFA-1 integrins with their respective ligands VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 leads to increased IL-2R alpha (CD25) expression and proliferation in both CD45RA+ CD4+ and CD45RO+ CD4+ T cells. Paper-6872087.
During the recovery phase, however, the number of V beta 8.2+ SC T cells was similar in protected and control groups; in contrast, there was striking reduction in the number and size of CD45R hi/ CD4+ T cells in the protected animals. Paper-110792.
Furthermore, infection of astrocytes by HIV-1 isolates with different chemokine receptor usage was not inhibited by the chemokines SDF-1beta, RANTES, MIP-1beta, or MCP-1 or by antibodies directed against the third variable region or the CD4 binding site of gp120. Paper-8314035.
For example, it is evident that HIV can interact concomitantly with non-LC dendritic cells in two separate and distinct ways: a CD4- and CCR5-dependent infection pathway and a CD4- and CCR5-independent capture pathway mediated by DC-SIGN, a C-type lectin molecule. Paper-11060445.
We now report that such competition is required for normal anatomical compartmentalization, can influence the rate of thymocyte velocities within chemokine gradients, and can account for the disproportion between single-positive CD4 and CD8 lineages developing from double-positive precursors. Paper-12442596.
The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu protein acts as an adaptor for the proteasomal degradation of CD4 by recruiting CD4 and beta-transducin repeat-containing protein ( betaTrCP), the receptor component of the multisubunit SCF- betaTrCP E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. Paper-10287053.
We have previously shown that cross-linking of CD4 molecules (CD4XL) in normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) results in secretion of cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha ( TNF-alpha) and interferon-gamma ( IFN-gamma), but not of interleukin-2 ( IL-2) or IL-4. Paper-1145886.
Although MDM activation by immobilized IgG induced high levels of macrophage-derived chemokine secretion as well as a sustained down-regulation of CD4 and a transient decrease in CCR5 expression, these factors did not appear to play a major role in the suppression of HIV-1 replication. Paper-9861866.
This pattern is altered in chronic HIV infection, where ex vivo CD4(+) CD45RO(+) T cells express elevated ps20. ps20 promoted HIV entry via fusion and augmented CD54 integrin expression; both of these effects were reversed by anti-ps20 antibody. Paper-12660075.
The core glycosylated and signal-sequence-retained forms of gp160 and gp120 associated with calnexin while the signal-sequence- cleaved forms of gp160 and gp120 had disassociated from calnexin and correctly folded as determined by their ability to associate with the CD4 cellular receptor. Paper-8478220.
Thirteen women had > or = 1 immune response in the form of CD8 cell noncytotoxic HIV-1 suppressive activity, proliferative CD4 cell response to HIV antigens, CD8 cell production of macrophage inflammatory protein-1 beta, or ELISPOT assay for HIV-1-specific interferon-gamma secretion. Paper-9156506.
This postulate is based on experiments where galectin-1 rendered HIV-1 particles more refractory to various agents that block HIV-1 adsorption and coreceptor binding (i.e., a blocking anti- CD4, soluble CD4, human anti-HIV-1 polyclonal Abs; stromal cell-derived factor-1alpha; RANTES). Paper-10983124.
Using such transfectant cell clones, it was demonstrated that p56lck-positive cells are markedly more susceptible to the syncytium formation than p56lck-negative cells, implying a regulatory role for p56lck in syncytium formation mediated by the HIV envelope and CD4 molecule. Paper-7457560.
Furthermore, 2G12 inhibited Env attachment to primary monocyte-derived dendritic cells, that expressed CD4 and CCR5 primary HIV receptors, as well as DC-SIGN, and suggested that the dual activities of 2G12 could be valuable in vivo for inhibiting initial virus dissemination and propagation. Paper-12083835.
IkappaB kinases (IKKs) activity was found to be selectively enhanced following CD4 engagement with gp120(env) and to mediate the phosphorylation of IkappaB-alpha while co-transfection experiments using dominant-negative forms of IKKs inhibited gp120(env)- induced NF-kappaB activation. Paper-9204560.
WFDC1/ps20 is a novel innate immunomodulatory signature protein of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-permissive CD4+ CD45RO+ memory T cells that promotes infection by upregulating CD54 integrin expression and is elevated in HIV type 1 infection. Paper-12660075.
Here we show that a complex of gp120, the exterior envelope glycoprotein, of macrophage-tropic primary HIV-1 and soluble CD4 interacts specifically with CCR-5 and inhibits the binding of the natural CCR-5 ligands, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1alpha and MIP-1beta (refs 7, 8). Paper-749845.
Because of the association of intracellular shifts in protein kinase C (PKC) enzyme activity with production of these secondary messengers and the participation of PKC in transducing certain receptor-mediated migratory signals, we investigated the role of PKC in the CD4- mediated migratory response by IL-16. Paper-514630.
The sIL-2R level, especially in the cerebrospinal fluid, showed higher sensitivity and specificity than other clinical parameters including the cerebrospinal fluid IgG ratio, peripheral lymphocyte CD4/ CD8 ratio, cerebrospinal fluid myelin basic protein and oligoclonal bands. Paper-6645048.
Pretreatment with gp160 resulted in marked inhibition of tyrosine phosphorylation of p59(fyn), PLC-gamma1, ras activation, and TNF-alpha secretion in anti-CD3 mAb activated CD4+ T cells, and a subset of CD4+ cells underwent activation-induced cell death. Paper-1238671.
This correlation was at first suggested by results obtained in a panel of human CD4(+) T cell lines expressing different CD38 levels (MT-4, MT-2, C8166, CEMx174, Supt-1, and H9) and then demonstrated using CD38 transfectants of MT-4 cells (the line with the lowest CD38 expression). Paper-2050379.
Measurement of T (CD3+), B (CD19+), natural killer (NK, CD3-CD16/56+), CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes showed that patients with APS1 had a higher percentage and absolute count of T lymphocytes: this was entirely due to the statistically larger CD3+CD4+ fraction. Paper-11285090.
Binding of the T-cell antigen CD4 to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ( HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein gp120 has been reported to induce conformational rearrangements in the envelope complex that facilitate recognition of the CCR5 coreceptor and consequent viral entry into cells. Paper-1970874.
Binding of either the CXC-chemokine, stromal-derived factor 1 alpha (SDF-1 alpha), or a CXCR4 antagonist, AMD3100, to CXCR4 inhibits infection of CD4(+) T cells by T-tropic HIV-1, although only SDF-1 alpha triggers T-cell signaling cascades. Paper-10350757.
We conclude that HIV-1 Nef plays a critical role in multiple processes in CD4 down-regulation: (i) disrupting the CD4-p56(lck) complex on the cell surface to allow CD4 internalization and (ii) diverting the internalized CD4 to a lysosomal pathway for its degradation, likely through a PI3K activity. Paper-8282020.
Further analysis of the folding state of gp160 and gp120 in nonreducing SDS-PAGE revealed that the signal-sequence-retained and calnexin-associated forms of gp160 and gp120 migrated as broad, diffuse bands, whereas the signal-sequence-cleaved or CD4-associated forms of gp160 and gp120 migrated as single sharper bands. Paper-8478220.
The interaction of sgp120IIIB or sgp120MN with CXCR4 was inhibited by neutralizing monoclonal antibodies that prevent the sgp120- CD4 interaction but also by antibodies specific for the gp120 V2 and V3 loops, the CD4-induced epitope and the 2G12 epitope, which interfere weakly or not at all with CD4-sgp120 binding. Paper-1552748.
Similarly, stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1alpha interacts not only with CXCR4 expressed by CXCR4(+) CD4(+) U937, CEM, and HOS- CD4(+) CXCR4(+) cells but also with CD4 expressed by intact U937, CEM, and HOS- CD4(+) CXCR4(+/-) cells or electroblotted onto Immobilon. Paper-2077765.
Syncytia arising from the fusion of cells expressing a lymphotropic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-encoded envelope glycoprotein complex (Env) gene with cells expressing the CD4/ CXCR4 complex undergo apoptosis through a mitochondrion-controlled pathway initiated by the upregulation of Bax. Paper-9047892.
Accordingly, our data suggest that CIITA is not involved per se in tumour progression; rather, it is the MHC class II molecules themselves, through tumour antigen presentation and the induction of tumour antigen-specific CD4 lymphocyte anergy, that may participate in immune escape and melanoma progression. Paper-10862575.
By selecting the CD45(+) population and simultaneous staining with several leukocyte lineage markers (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD56, and CD19), MHC-mismatched leukocytes were consistently detected in cell suspensions prepared from directly stained whole blood samples with a threshold sensitivity as low as 0.1%-0.2%. Paper-9939299.
We show that (1) CLIV does not interfere with Env binding to CD4 and does not interact with the binding site of Env on CXCR4; (2) CLIV does not inhibit protease activities already reported to play a role in fusion; and (3) the pharmacophore is composed of cleavage site1 with amino acid residues at its C terminal end. Paper-9374670.
Using CD4(+) CXCR4(+) permissive human leukemic CEM T cells and primary lymphocytes, we have investigated whether HIV-1 Env might promote viral entry and infection by activating ERM (ezrin-radixin- moesin) proteins to regulate F-actin reorganization and CD4/ CXCR4 co-clustering. Paper-13498106.
In this study, a comparison of draining lymph node cells from L. amazonensis- and L. major-infected mice at 10 weeks postinfection showed equivalent percentages of effector/memory phenotype CD44hi CD4+ T cells producing interleukin-2 ( IL-2) and proliferating after antigen stimulation. Paper-11363564.
Similarly, the SNP barcode of rs12812942-rs2228014-rs3025039 ( CD4- CXCR4- VEGF) and rs12812942-rs3136685-rs2228014-rs1801157 ( CD4- CCR7- CXCR4- CXCL12) with specific genotype patterns (AT-CC-CC and AT-AG-CC-GG) among three and four combinational SNPs were significantly low in breast cancer occurrence. Paper-14107299.
The efficiency of CD4-specific CB1-inserted PIN-bodies was confirmed in biological assays where these constructs showed higher potencies to block antigen presentation by inhibition of IL-2 secretion and to inhibit the one-way and two-way mixed lymphocyte reactions, compared with soluble anti-CD4 PDP CB1. Paper-11394753.
As a part of a research project on molecular variation in Central Africa, we have analyzed 10 microsatellites ( CD4, CSFO, D3S1358, D18S51, D21S11, F13A1, FES, TH01, TPOX, and VWA) in the Bamileke and Ewondo from Cameroon and the Sanga and Mbenzele Pygmies from the Central African Republic (a total of 390 chromosomes). Paper-8370295.
Nevertheless, the observation that IIIB gp120 strongly primed tailless CD4 co-down-modulation on human osteosarcoma HOS cells that express undetectable levels of surface CXCR4 raised the possibility that membrane component(s) other than those recently identified can be involved in down-modulation of the CD4/gp120 complexes. Paper-10577083.
SDF-1alpha binding to CD4(+) CXCR4(+/-) cells, or soluble CD4 electroblotted onto Immobilon, is significantly inhibited by sCD4, whereas truncated sCD4 lacking D3 and D4 domains had no significant effect, which indicates that SDF-1 binds to CD4 but at regions different from the HIV-gp120-binding site. Paper-2077765.
Notably, polymerase chain reaction analysis demonstrated that neonatal CD45RA+ CD4+ T cells expressing CD25 contained spliced mRNA transcripts possibly encoding CD45RO in addition to CD45RA-associated transcripts, seemingly indicating that this population might be in the recently antigen-primed states. Paper-7005993.
M1 polarization was associated with a significant down-regulation of CD4 receptors, increased secretion of CCR5-binding chemokines ( CCL3, CCL4, and CCL5), and a >90% decrease in HIV-1 DNA levels 48-h postinfection, suggesting that the inhibition occurred at an early preintegration step in the viral life cycle. Paper-13752697.
We next found, by using truncated CD4 lacking the C-terminal 31 amino acids or mutated CD4 with the cysteine residues at 394 and 397 replaced by serine, that the p56lck binding site or the covalent modification with palmitic acid was not necessary for CD4 to associate with CD81 and CD82. Paper-314050.
Our data show that CD71 self-associates on the cell surface, that a small fraction of CD4 can be detected by copurifying it with CD71 after cross-linking, and that the level of association between CD4 and CD71 significantly increases after phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate- induced endocytosis of CD4. Paper-10410228.
In 12 cases immunohistochemical technics were applied to determine SmIg, B cell differentiation antigens ( CD19, CD20, CD21, BL14, FmC7) and T cells subsets ( CD2, CD3, CD4, CD8) the quantification of the various T cell subsets showed that CD3, CD4, positive T cell were lower in advanced stages of CLL. Paper-11963477.
We examined the effects of SHIV VLPs containing Env proteins derived from either a T-cell-tropic HIV (BH10) strain or a dual-tropic HIV (89.6) strain on induction of apoptosis in recombinant CD4+ human osteosarcoma (HOS) cells expressing either CXCR4 (HOS-CD4.CXCR4) or CCR5 coreceptors (HOS-CD4.CCR5). Paper-8846385.
The laboratory findings significantly associated with progression to AIDS were: decrease of the relative and absolute number of CD4 lymphocytes, decrease of the CD4/ CD8 ratio, HIV p24 antigenaemia, lack of anti-HIV p24, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, anaemia and elevated serum-beta-2-microglobulin. Paper-7005158.
We measured CD4- and CD8-specific interferon- gamma responses to hepatitis C virus (HCV) peptide pools in subjects with chronic HCV monoinfection (n=14), in subjects with chronic HCV/ HIV coinfection (n=15), and in healthy control subjects (n=10) by enzyme-linked immunospot assay in the presence and absence of CD28 costimulation.Results. Paper-12139565.
Human beta TrCP identified by interaction with Vpu connects CD4 to this proteolytic machinery, and CD4-Vpu- beta TrCP ternary complexes have been detected by coimmunoprecipitation. beta TrCP binding to Vpu and its recruitment to membranes require two phosphoserine residues in Vpu essential for CD4 degradation. Paper-1489614.
The presence of AD during the first year of life (n = 9) was associated with an increased number of naive CD4(+) CD45RA(+) lymphocytes (p = 0.03), with an increased spontaneous IL-4 production by CD8(+) lymphocytes (p = 0.04) and with a decreased percentage of IFN-gamma producing stimulated CD4(+) lymphocytes (p = 0.04). Paper-10533968.
Flow cytometry was used to determine cord blood lymphocyte subtypes and to quantify the intracellular amounts of IL-2, IFN-gamma and IL-4 produced by cord blood CD4(+) helper and CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes, both spontaneously and after stimulation with phorbol-12-mirystate-13-acetate and ionomycin. Paper-10533968.
We have previously shown that NF-kappaB nuclear translocation can be observed upon human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ( HIV-1) binding to cells expressing the wild-type CD4 molecule, but not in cells expressing a truncated form of CD4 that lacks the cytoplasmic domain (M. Benkirane, K.-T. Jeang, and C. Devaux, EMBO J. 13:5559-5569, 1994). Paper-1460510.
Twenty HIV-negative volunteers who received V1 b.i.d. for 4 weeks had gained 28.2 and 17.5% in absolute CD4 (825 versus 1058; P=0.007) and CD8 (597 versus 702; P=0.013) cells, while lymphocytes in placebo group did not increase, suggesting that CD4 and CD8 counts may become an easily measurable immune correlate of the efficacy of AIDS vaccines. Paper-9914720.
By using a previously described proliferation assay that augments specific responses, peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from 61 human immunodeficiency virus type 1-seropositive individuals with CD4 counts of >300/mm3 and suppressed viral burdens were studied for response to p24 antigen as a function of time of viral load suppression on HAART. Paper-11182361.
These results support the hypothesis that CD4 ligation by HIV-1 envelope protein in vivo in HIV-infected patients selectively reduces Bcl-2 protein in CD4+ T lymphocytes, thereby facilitating Fas/ Fas-ligand triggered apoptosis; furthermore the findings reported expand the rationale for use of IL-2 in HIV disease. Paper-1089324.
Flow cytometry was used to determine the expression of such adhesion molecules as L selectin ( CD62L), VLA-4 integrin ( CD49d), intracellular molecule ICAM-1 ( CD54) and cytotoxic lymphocyte molecule CTLA-4 ( CD152), as well as the lymphocyte antigens: CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD1656 (NK), CD4 and CD8 RO+ and RA+. Paper-10633844.
Short term stimulation of highly purified human peripheral blood CD4+ T-cells with PMA/ ionomycin, followed by the cytometric analysis of intracellular cytokines, showed that a minor subpopulation of CD4+ CD45RA+ CD45RO- cells is able to produce interferon-gamma ( IFN-gamma) rapidly, a characteristic of antigen-experienced Th1 cells. Paper-1169376.
The NKG2D(+)CD4(+) T cells correspond to a normally occurring small CD4 T cell subset that is autoreactive, primed to produce IL-10, and clearly distinct from proinflammatory and cytolytic CD4 T cells with cytokine- induced NKG2D expression that occur in rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease. Paper-13715975.
In addition, we found that human CD4+ CD45RA- T cells that adhered to the alpha4/beta7 ligand mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 ( MAdCAM-1) had a greater capacity to produce IFN-gamma than did non-adherent cells, suggesting that the association between alpha4/beta7 expression and IFN-gamma production has functional significance. Paper-8986900.
Together, the overlap in CD4 sequences required for interaction with Nef and p56lck and the tight correlation between Nef- induced CD4 down-modulation and disruption of CD4- p56lck association suggest that Nef, or cellular factors recruited by Nef, interact with this segment of CD4 to displace p56lck from the complex and induce CD4 endocytosis. Paper-154572.
No difference was seen in the pattern of interleukin-4 ( IL-4) or interferon-gamma ( IFN-gamma) producing clones derived from CD4+ CD45RA+ and CD4+ CD45RO+ precursors, although freshly isolated and polyclonally activated CD4+ CD45RA+ T cells produced 20-30-fold lower levels of IL-4 and IFN-gamma than their CD4+ CD45RO+ counterparts. Paper-1154435.
Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction ( RT-PCR) analysis revealed that CD45RC- CD4+ T cells harvested from hepatic allografts pretreated with PVG.r1 blood expressed interleukin-4 ( IL-4) and interleukin-10 ( IL-10), but not interleukin-2 ( IL-2) or interferon-gamma ( IFN-gamma). Paper-1526497.
These synonyms are used for gene CD4 (CD4 molecule): T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4, T-cell surface antigen T4/Leu-3.
These accession numbers are used for gene CD4: Q4ZGK2 (UNIPROT__AC), DA384217 (NCBI_GENBANK__AC), D3DUS5 (UNIPROT__AC), BT019791 (NCBI_GENBANK__AC).
CD4 is a homologue of CD4 (CD4 molecule) from Pan troglodytes.
CD4 is a homologue of CD4 (CD4 molecule) from Canis lupus familiaris.
CD4 is a homologue of CD4 (CD4 molecule) from Bos taurus.
CD4 is a homologue of CD4 (CD4 molecule) from Gallus gallus.
CD4 is a homologue of Cd4 (CD4 antigen) from Mus musculus.
CD4 is a homologue of Cd4 (Cd4 molecule) from Rattus norvegicus.
Important links !
iHOP - Information Hyperlinked over Proteins .
Concept & Implementation by Robert Hoffmann.