Click here for the function of KRT16.
Edit this page in Wiki Genes - KRT16 or see Wiki Gene.
It also stimulates the expression of K16 and K4. Paper-13832477.
In these eight cases, CK13 was apparently replaced by CK16. Paper-10014709.
Keratin 16 and keratin 17 mutations cause pachyonychia congenita. Paper-253549.
Identification of the AgNORs, PCNA and ck16 proteins in oral lichen planus lesions. Paper-9122261.
A spectrum of mutations in keratins K6a, K16 and K17 causing pachyonychia congenita. Paper-12596046.
Moreover, cotransfection assays revealed that Sp1 acted synergistically with c-Jun to activate keratin 16. Paper-10163268.
The recruited p300 functionally cooperates with Sp1 and c-Jun to regulate the gene expression of keratin 16. Paper-13430035.
The results obtained in this way demonstrated that PTHrP most probably binds to filaments built of cytokeratin 16. Paper-9254869.
Transient overexpression of K6A in K16-overexpressing keratinocytes partially corrected the cell-migration defect. Paper-15124819.
Aberrant heterodimerization of keratin 16 with keratin 6A in HaCaT keratinocytes results in diminished cellular migration. Paper-15124819.
CK 13 (MW 51 KD) is a marker of differentiation and CK 16 (MW 48 KD) is a marker of hyperproliferation of keratinocytes. Paper-8222161.
These serine phosphorylation sites on p300 controlled the p300 recruitment to the keratin 16 promoter. Paper-13430035.
Novel and recurrent mutations in the genes encoding keratins K6a, K16 and K17 in 13 cases of pachyonychia congenita. Paper-9129333.
The proteins were alpha-1-macroglobulin, amyloid precursor-like protein 1, keratin 16, orosomucoid 2 and pigment epithelium-derived factor. Paper-11107221.
At the molecular level it has been shown that mutations in keratin K6a or K16 cause PC-1 whereas those in K6b or K17 lead to PC-2. Paper-12596046.
Furthermore, keratin 16 gene expression induced by Ras activation was also regulated in the same manner as the EGF response. Paper-10163268.
We determined that two genes encoding K16 and three genes encoding K14 were clustered in two distinct segments of chromosome 17. Paper-5895913.
Tissues were analyzed by immunohistochemical staining for proliferation-associated nuclear antigens ( PCNA and Ki-67 antigen) and cytokeratin 16. Paper-560682.
The human type I keratins K16 and K14 are coexpressed in a number of epithelial tissues, including esophagus, tongue, and hair follicles. Paper-5895913.
Cytokeratin 16, a proliferation-associated keratin, was induced within 48 h and was expressed in the suprabasal keratinocytes of the wound edge. Paper-560682.
Both groups showed positivity for K16 and K4, involucrin expression in lower levels of the spinous layer and unaltered filaggrin expression. Paper-13832477.
Heterozygous mis-sense or small in-frame insertion/deletion mutations were detected in the genes encoding keratins K6a, K16, and K17 in all cases. Paper-9129333.
Epidermal and dermal T-cell counts, epidermal thickness, and ICAM-1 and K16 expression decreased in categories 2 and 3 but not in category 1. Paper-9464180.
This observation suggests that coinheritance of mutations in KRT16 and FLG may aggravate the PC phenotype and that FLG could serve as a genetic modifier in PC. Paper-14164470.
When all three serine residues on p300 were replaced by alanine, EGF could no longer induce the gene expression of keratin 16. Paper-13430035.
OBJECTIVE: To identify mutations in 22 families presenting with clinical symptoms of either PC-1/focal non-epidermolytic palmoplantar keratoderma ( FNEPPK) or PC-2. Paper-12596046.
Induction of disease-associated keratin 16 gene expression by epidermal growth factor is regulated through cooperation of transcription factors Sp1 and c-Jun. Paper-10163268.
In the present study, we found that epidermal growth factor ( EGF) increased the expression of keratin 16 mRNA and protein synthesis in a time-dependent manner in HaCaT cells. Paper-10163268.
The parabasal cell layers reacted intensely to the cRNA probe complementary to CK16 mRNA, as were the reactions in the suprabasal cell layers of the PJE for the CK 13 and 4 probes. Paper-1347292.
Mutations of KRT6A are more frequent than those of KRT16 in pachyonychia congenita type 1: report of a novel and a recently reported mutation in two unrelated Chinese families. Paper-12864893.
Cultured urothelium also expressed keratin 14 (characteristic of cornified stratified epithelium) in about 25% of cells and keratin 16 (characteristic of fast-growing cells). Paper-8228521.
Significantly increased numbers of dividing keratinocytes were present in 48h and 96h reactions, concurrent with high levels of expression of K16 and more moderate expression of K17. Paper-1562731.
The coactivators p300/CBP could collaborate with Sp1 and c-Jun in the activation of keratin 16 promoter, and EGF-induced promoter activation was blocked by the viral oncoprotein E1A. Paper-10163268.
With regard to OKC behaviour, it has been pointed out that there was strong reaction of OKC lining for keratin 16, a cytokeratin that has been associated with high proliferative activity. Paper-9508513.
The immunohistochemical study suggests that the following procedures have an additional diagnostic impact: assessment of elastase-positive cells, assessment of keratin 16 and of keratin 10. Paper-6879924.
RESULTS: Here, we report four new missense and five known mutations in K6a; one new deletion and three previously identified missense mutations in K16; plus one known mutation in K17. Paper-12596046.
Keratin 17 is expressed during the course of SLS-induced irritant contact dermatitis, but unlike keratin 16, the degree of expression is unrelated to the density of dividing keratinocytes. Paper-1562731.
The results demonstrate that both K16 and K17 expression are features of acute irritant contact dermatitis reactions, but suggest that the factors which influence and control their expression differ. Paper-1562731.
ERK2- mediated C-terminal serine phosphorylation of p300 is vital to the regulation of epidermal growth factor- induced keratin 16 gene expression. Paper-13430035.
Endocervical columnar cells were found to contain significant amounts of keratin 16, whereas the subcolumnar reserve cells expressed considerable amounts of keratin 15 and 16, and frequently keratin 6. Paper-7583455.
DPPIV-expression and enzyme activity, Ki-67 antigen and K16 are significantly upregulated in the centre and inner margin of the lesion compared to clinically uninvolved skin and the healthy volunteers skin. Paper-13056173.
In the centre of KA, K1 and K10 expressions were declined, and K14 and K16 were detected in the tumour cells, suggesting differentiation towards the outer root sheath beneath the orifice of the sebaceous duct. Paper-12739464.
These changes were not accompanied by concomitant reductions in infiltrating CD3+ lymphocytes in psoriatic lesions, epidermal thickness, or keratin 16 ( K16) and intercellular adhesion molecule ( ICAM) expression. Paper-13856844.
Among interactions between trichoplein and various IF proteins that we tested using two-hybrid methods, trichoplein interacted significantly with K16 and K18, and to some extent with K5, K6a, K8 and K14. Paper-10754224.
Taken together, these results strongly suggested that the ERK2- mediated C-terminal serine phosphorylation of p300 was a key event in the regulation of EGF- induced keratin 16 expression. Paper-13430035.
Disruption of the Sp1 site (-127 to -122 bp) and the AP1 site (-148 to -142 bp) of the keratin 16 promoter by site-directed mutagenesis significantly inhibited keratin 16 promoter activity induced by EGF. Paper-10163268.
Taken together, the present data suggest that cholesteatoma is a hyperproliferative disease and that cholesteatoma expresses CK 16 near the external ear canal and transforms to express CK 13 during growth distally. Paper-8222161.
Keratin 6, keratin 16, and keratin 17, which are known to be upregulated during keratinocyte activation and in hyperproliferative epidermis, were highly expressed in cultured skin substitutes in vitro. Paper-10826784.
In summary, this study supports the involvement of an immune response to anagen-specific HFs antigens in AA and specifically suggests that an immune response to trichohyalin and K16 may have a role in the pathogenesis of the enigmatic disorder. Paper-15392459.
The findings are in favour of a neurohumoral modulatory role during anagen phases accompanied by an increase of expression of certain proliferation-associated antigens like keratin 16 and Ki67 among the complex epithelia of human hair follicles. Paper-7511133.
Critical aspects of differentiation, still unbalanced in early stages, are renormalized, most strikingly the coexpression of keratins K1/ K10, downregulation of regeneration-associated keratins ( K16), and restriction of K15 to the basal layer. Paper-12234623.
They therefore confirm that the PJE is a well-differentiated stratified epithelium with a complex unique phenotype that produces CKs specific for basal cells ( CK 19), CKs associated with hyperproliferation ( CK 16), and finally those associated with stratification (CKs 4 and 13). Paper-1347292.
Ten white patients were treated with the Chromos 694-nm Depilation Ruby Laser, and biopsies taken before and after treatments to assess the presence of cell hyperproliferation, which normally accompanies epidermal damage, with immunohistochemical staining of keratin 16 and Ki67. Paper-8318071.
While no gene or protein was consistently over-expressed in all cancer versus BPH cell cultures, cytokeratin 16 protein was highly elevated in several of the cancer cultures, suggesting that a hyperproliferative phenotype may be characteristic of prostate cancer cells. Paper-11039016.
We previously reported that the epidermal growth factor ( EGF) regulates the gene expression of keratin 16 by activating the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 and 2 ( ERK1/2) signaling which in turn enhances the recruitment of p300 to the keratin 16 promoter. Paper-13430035.
To clarify the histogenesis of keratoacanthoma, we studied keratin (K) expression in keratoacanthoma (KA) using 10 different anti- keratin antibodies against K1, K7, K8, K10, K14, K15, K16, K17, K18 and K19 and anti- filaggrin (filament aggregating protein) antibody. Paper-12739464.
Two monoclonal antibodies K8.12 (directed against keratin 13) and KS.1A3 (directed against keratin 13 and 16) were used in an alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline-phosphatase (APAAP)-technique to compare the expression of both keratin 13 and keratin 16 in normal human skin and aural cholesteatoma. Paper-7855101.
In contrast, inhibition of SIRT1 by pharmacologic, dominant negative, and siRNA (small interfering RNA)-mediated inhibition in breast and colon cancer cells causes increased H4- K16 and H3-K9 acetylation at endogenous promoters and gene re-expression despite full retention of promoter DNA hypermethylation. Paper-11405487.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Serum efalizumab levels, levels of total and unoccupied T-cell CD11a, T cell counts, epidermal thickness, cutaneous intercellular adhesion molecule 1 ( ICAM-1) and keratin 16 ( K16) expression, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores. Paper-9464180.
Taken together, these results suggest that Sp1 and AP1 sites in the essential promoter region are critical for EGF response, and Sp1 showed a functional cooperation with c-Jun and coactivators p300/CBP in driving the transcriptional regulation of EGF- induced keratin 16 gene expression. Paper-10163268.
A hypothesis-free analysis identified 46 gene transcripts that were strongly differentiated, seven of which had a known association with EGFR and head and neck cancer (human EGF receptor 3 [HER3], TGF-alpha, CDH1, EGFR, keratin 16 [ KRT16], fibroblast growth factor 2 [FGF2], and cortactin [CTTN]). Paper-15906351.
The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen ( PCNA), cytokeratin 16 ( ck16) and Ag nucleolar organizer regions (AgNORs) were assessed in 20 cases of lichen planus, 20 cases of keratosis and 20 cases of normal oral mucosa in order to evaluate the rate of keratinocyte proliferation in these tissues. Paper-9122261.
By following the assembly of K6 and K16 in vitro and in cultured cells, we find that relative to K5 and K14, a well-characterized keratin pair that is constitutively expressed in epidermis, K6 and K16 polymerize into short 10-nm filaments that accumulate near the nucleus, a property arising from K16. Paper-549249.
The expression of DPPIV, Ki-67 antigen and keratin-16 ( K16) was studied in the dynamic margin zone of the psoriatic lesion, examining skin sections of the clinically uninvolved skin, the early lesion and the chronic lesion of psoriatic patients compared to healthy volunteers using immunohistochemical and enzymehistochemical staining methods. Paper-13056173.
These synonyms are used for gene KRT16 (keratin 16): NEPPK, KRT16A, Keratin-16, Keratin, type I cytoskeletal 16, K1CP, K16, FNEPPK, Cytokeratin-16, CK-16, CK16.
These accession numbers are used for gene KRT16: S79867 (NCBI_GENBANK__AC), Q9UBG8 (UNIPROT__AC), P30654 (UNIPROT__AC), CR600543 (NCBI_GENBANK__AC).
KRT16 is a homologue of Krt16 (keratin 16) from Mus musculus.
KRT16 is a homologue of Krt16 (keratin 16) from Rattus norvegicus.
Important links !
iHOP - Information Hyperlinked over Proteins .
Concept & Implementation by Robert Hoffmann.