The most recent information on BCS1L is here. Click here for the function of BCS1L. Edit this page in Wiki Genes - BCS1L or see Wiki Gene. Gracile bone dysplasia. Paper-1319767. Gracile bone dysplasias. Paper-9322340. Cardiac rehabilitation session at BCS meeting. Paper-13471788. Ibuprofen was assessed to be a BCS class II drug. Paper-11463944. Primary study outcome was incidence of spontaneous PTD. Paper-13676071. The HP strain failed to gain BCS over the entire lactation. Paper-12461359. There was a gracile superficial femoral artery bilaterally. Paper-8745245. In darkness and anoxia, M. gracile lost its motility after ca. 1 h. Paper-10720474. Metoclopramide HCl is conservatively assigned to BCS Class III. Paper-12760782. These two patients appear to have a unique gracile bone dysplasia. Paper-10015779. This PTD domain also enhanced gene expression after plasmid delivery. Paper-12700657. We suggest the term " gracile bone dysplasia" to describe this disorder. Paper-1319767. A report of a working group of the BCS: cardiology in the district hospital. Paper-11708445. Chromatium gracile was different from C. vinosum with seven enzymes. Paper-708111. Motility of Marichromatium gracile in response to light, oxygen, and sulfide. Paper-10720474. Missense mutations in the BCS1L gene as a cause of the Björnstad syndrome. Paper-13122463. The GRACILE syndrome, a neonatal lethal metabolic disorder with iron overload. Paper-9607098. Birth weight and postnatal growth were similar in LBCS and HBCS offspring. Paper-12853613. These changes are more outstanding in the population group covered by the BCSP. Paper-11130516. The BCS can be rationalized by considering Fick's first law, applied to membranes. Paper-9131599. Protein transduction domains ( PTD) transfer molecules across biological membranes. Paper-12231186. Pyrazinamide is BCS Class III, with linear absorption over a wide dosing range. Paper-12760776. The metacarpals were also thin and gracile in appearance with metaphyseal widening. Paper-7079609. An additional lesion, demyelination of the right gracile tract, is poorly explained. Paper-2520632. The BCSP has had an impact on the proportion of early breast cancer diagnosed at CCH. Paper-7637721. The breast cancer screening programmes ( BCSP) are very controversial at the present time. Paper-11130516. Axonal degeneration of ascending sensory neurons in gracile axonal dystrophy mutant mouse. Paper-6715802. The incidences of spontaneous PTD at < 32, 35 and 37 weeks were similar between the groups. Paper-13676071. The bioavailability of beta-galactosidase activity after an orally administered PTD was 24%. Paper-11318021. Such joint associations were strongest among PTD accompanied by histologic chorioamnionitis. Paper-12781257. Gracile bones are a frequent abnormality associated with fetal hypokinesia of any cause. Paper-1319767. A similar projection from the midthoracic spinal cord ends in the gracile and cuneate nuclei. Paper-1947299. The complete mitochondrial genome of the sea spider Nymphon gracile (Arthropoda: Pycnogonida). Paper-12315783. According to a BCS-like estimate, metallic silane should be a high-temperature superconductor. Paper-10832842. In conclusion, thrombosis of the IVC may mimic congestive heart failure and may cause BCS. Paper-9431201. The gracile Motmot skeleton showed no signs of osteoporosis, osteopenia or disuse atrophy. Paper-10623160. An exponential function was used to model BW and BCS lactation profiles across feed systems. Paper-12461359. The gracile fasciculus and the sural nerve were more markedly degenerated than proximal portions. Paper-11136608. The female dental phenotype was down-scaled from their male counterparts, but not gracile in form. Paper-6700807. Induction of Mitochondrial-Dependent Apoptosis by an Essential Oil from Tanacetum gracile. Paper-12789438. Two familial cases with a lethal gracile bone dysplasia and intrauterine growth retardation. Paper-10015779. Hepatic failure due to venous outflow obstruction ( Budd-Chiari syndrome, BCS) was diagnosed. Paper-9431201. A water soluble drug ( propranolol hydrochloride, class 1 by BCS) was used as a model material. Paper-10172019. Insufficient activity of the BCS may lead to bleeding and blood loss (e.g. in the case of haemophilia). Paper-12922269. CONCLUSION: Extensive gene rearrangement characterizes the mitochondrial genome of Nymphon gracile. Paper-12315783. Preterm delivery ( PTD, <37 weeks of gestation) is a significant clinical and public health problem. Paper-12781257. M. gracile exhibited photokinesis, photophobic responses, and phobic responses toward oxygen and sulfide. Paper-10720474. Total concentration of fatty acids in plasma did not differ (P = 0.48) due to maternal BCS at parturition. Paper-12124647. Sch 56592, Sch-X and Sch-Y are low solubility-high permeability compounds under the BCS guidance. Paper-8544913. 11q23 abnormalities were detected in 64% of MLL/t11q23 and in none of MLL- PTD by conventional cytogenetics. Paper-10819402. It was inhibited by BCS, but not by the iron chelator bathophenathroline disulphonic acid, nor by acivicin. Paper-846043. Physicochemical characterization of five glyburide powders: a BCS based approach to predict oral absorption. Paper-12897117. Experiments used the BCS density of states in superconducting niobium for transparency distribution probing. Paper-11551948. A protein transduction domain ( PTD) could efficiently transduce (approximately 90%) airway epithelial cells. Paper-12921979. Age was recorded and BCS and percent body fat (% FAT) were determined as measures of obesity in 60 mares. Paper-13180218. The pathology of the posterior root ganglia in AIDS and its relationship to the pallor of the gracile tract. Paper-7529620. Conclusion: The most important risk factor predisposing to the development of PTD is the immunosuppressive drugs. Paper-11534217. Enhanced delivery efficiency of recombinant adenovirus into tumor and mesenchymal stem cells by a novel PTD. Paper-13024887. Direct sequencing revealed a missense mutation R45C and a nonsense mutation R56X, both located in exon 1 of BCS1L. Paper-9954270. Thus, both BCS and the alternative linear pharmacokinetics approach require an evaluation of dissolution profiles. Paper-10620682. Between 1982 and 1988, 121 patients with stages I and II breast cancer were treated with BCS/RT at our institution. Paper-1369972. Development of both species occurs in the abdominal fat body; D. gracile requires 13 days and D. caudispina 9 days. Paper-3278599. Our findings support a pathogenic role for the novel BCS1L mutation in a patient with a singular clinical phenotype. Paper-13607804. Ibuprofen ( IB), a BCS Class II compound, is a highly crystalline substance with poor solubility properties. Paper-13184209. Currently, we are exploring the potential use of protein transfection domains ( PTD) for treatment of these disorders. Paper-10734449. According to the current Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS), cimetidine would be assigned to Class III. Paper-11385781. PTD could cross cover cell membrane and carry target molecule to parenchymal cells of cold-preserved heart grafts. Paper-13661050. Creation of novel Protein Transduction Domain ( PTD) mutants by a phage display-based high-throughput screening system. Paper-12160373. A syndrome characterized by intra-uterine lower limb dislocation, gracile bones, clubfeet, and other skeletal features. Paper-12446503. Interestingly, the amino acid sequence of the PTD mutants contained some characteristic residues, such as proline. Paper-12160373. No other differences (P = 0.12 to 0.99) were noted in calf plasma fatty acid profile due to maternal BCS at parturition. Paper-12124647. A novel type of PTD, common helix-loop-helix motif, could efficiently mediate protein transduction into mammalian cells. Paper-12076962. PTD classification: proposal for a new classification of gastric cancer location based on physiological lymphatic flow. Paper-12968382. Grossberg et al. have specified a filling-in model called the Boundary Contour System/Feature Contour System ( BCS/FCS). Paper-8105468. Literature data are reviewed on the properties of ibuprofen related to the biopharmaceutics classification system ( BCS). Paper-11463944. The blood coagulation system ( BCS) is a complex biological system playing a principal role in the maintenance of haemostasis. Paper-12922269. This has resulted in identification of PTD variants which are efficient in cell membrane penetration and cytoplasmic delivery. Paper-12449436. The risk factors predisposing to PTD are age, recipient's ethnicity, immunosuppressive regimen and family history of diabetes. Paper-11534217. Aim: Carbamazepine and dipyridamole are class II compounds ( BCS) whose oral bioavailability is limited by poor solubility. Paper-12704958. The findings in a newborn male with agenesis of parietal bones, gracile long bones, and hypoplasia of the spleen are presented. Paper-12298666. Lameness score, BCS, BW, and blood were taken at multiple points before gestation, and during gestation and lactation. Paper-13057093. Pathology of lethal fetal growth retardation syndrome with aminoaciduria, iron overload, and lactic acidosis ( GRACILE). Paper-9427135. There were no differences in remission rate, event-free survival and overall survival between adult MLL- PTD and MLL/t11q23 groups. Paper-10819402. Four different mutations in the BCS1L gene have been reported elsewhere, in Turkish patients with a distinctly different phenotype. Paper-9171374. BCS1L is a chaperone necessary for the incorporation of Rieske FeS and Qcr10p into complex III (CIII) of the respiratory chain. Paper-12373826. RESULTS: BCS1L encodes a member of the AAA family of ATPases that is necessary for the assembly of complex III in the mitochondria. Paper-13122463. FDA's Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS) is an attempt to rationalize the critical components related to oral absorption. Paper-9131599. Budd-Chiari syndrome and portal vein thrombosis ( BCS/PVT) are frequently associated with polycythaemia vera (PV). Paper-10386267. The GRACILE locus has been positioned to a restricted region of chromosome 2q33-37, but the causative gene remains to be identified. Paper-9466531. In contrast, BCS had no effect on either the rate of NO release, or the anti-platelet action of the non-nitrosothiol compound DEANO. Paper-1497101. RESULTS: This is the first report of a complete mitochondrial genome sequence from a sea spider (Nymphon gracile, class Pycnogonida). Paper-12315783. Coupling between the collective BCS pairing mode and individual Cooper pair states can make the latter either synchronize or dephase. Paper-12133440. The present study shows that BCS based parameters combined with software simulations can be used to establish an IVIVC for glyburide. Paper-12194675. However, the gracile fasciculus was hypointense probably due to the small diameter of neural fibers and the large extracellular space. Paper-8462199. Brainstem and spinal cord sections were processed for tracers transported by cutaneous afferents to terminations in the gracile nuclei. Paper-12238154. ATD6-96 is the left half of a gracile mandible belonging to a probably female adult individual with premolars and molars in place. Paper-11256291. The increase in solubility also can increase dissolution rate and thus improve the oral bioavailability of BCS Class II and IV materials. Paper-13405346. Polyethylene glycol 400 enhances the bioavailability of a BCS class III drug ( ranitidine) in male subjects but not females. Paper-12995925. Cationic PTD peptides containing variable numbers of arginine residues and conditions entered cells exclusively through macropinocytosis. Paper-10775073. (1) There are considerable differences in body constitution in different strains of rats, ranging from very robust to very gracile forms. Paper-2444651. The nucleotide sequences of 5S rRNAs from two nemerteans (ribbon worms), Lineus geniculatus and Emplectonema gracile have been determined. Paper-4395815. Histopathological examination showed swelling of preterminal axons in gracile nucleus and degeneration of myelin in peripheral nerves. Paper-9437810. Fluorogold and Fos-like immunoreactivity was not colocalized in any dorsal horn neurons projecting to the thalamus or gracile nucleus. Paper-12983257. The anticoagulation activity of BCS showed a positive correlation with DS, and some of the activity indexes exceeded those of heparin. Paper-13489392. In each specimen, size of the pituitary gland and specific characteristics of each BCS and the horizontal segment of each CCA were recorded. Paper-12758099. Following survival times >/=3 days, PRV-infected neurons were additionally present in nucleus solitarius and the gracile and cuneate nuclei. Paper-10761754. For BCS, sensitivity and specificity were 96.6% (95% CI, 90.5, 99.3) and 42% (35.1, 49.0) respectively at a cut-off value of 1.35 microg/ml. Paper-9609325. The spinal cord displays bilateral, usually symmetrical, long tract degeneration particularly of the gracile tract in a "dying-back" pattern. Paper-8969421. The protein transduction domain ( PTD) of human immunodeficiency virus-1-Tat protein has a unique potency to penetrate the cellular membranes. Paper-13509578. According to the current Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS), ranitidine hydrochloride should be assigned to Class III. Paper-11441001. Crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic analysis of glutathione amide reductase from Chromatium gracile. Paper-9360329. The radiographic examination was superficially similar to gracile bone dysplasias but was inconsistent with any known types of this group. Paper-10015779. Acetaminophen was chosen as the model drug, which is included in the Class 1 group of the Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS). Paper-8813497. A major reevaluation of the mechanism of PTD-mediated internalization and the role of endocytosis in this mechanism has been recently initiated. Paper-10771448. Additional findings, not previously described were the involvement of sensory ganglia, intermediolateral columns and gracile and cuneate nuclei. Paper-4091306. Consequently, for drugs in BCS classes 1 and 3, risks in human BE study to incur bioinequivalence could be predicted by calculating the AUC/dose. Paper-13519266. Membrane preparations from the spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve and the cuneate and gracile nuclei also bound [3H]RTX in a similar fashion. Paper-8216812. Post transplanta-tion diabetes mellitus ( PTD) occurring commonly in patients receiving immunosuppressives has been identified as a major culprit. Paper-11534217. The severity of the complex III enzyme defect correlated with decreased amounts of BCS1L and respiratory chain complex III in the affected tissues. Paper-13607804. Mutations in the BCS1L gene cause early fetal growth restriction and a lethal neonatal disease in humans, however, the pathogenesis remains unclear. Paper-12373826. Infantile mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with unusual phenotype caused by a novel BCS1L mutation in an isolated complex III-deficient patient. Paper-13607804. In this study, risk factors that incur bioinequivalence in BE study were analyzed by applying the Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS). Paper-13519266. Literature data are reviewed on the properties of acetaminophen ( paracetamol) related to the biopharmaceutics classification system ( BCS). Paper-10829669. The combination of distal sensory neuropathy and gracile tract degeneration suggests a "dying-back" process of dorsal root ganglia neurons. Paper-5878731. Herein, we present the crystal structure of the Chromatium gracile glutathione amide reductase (GAR) both alone and in complex with NAD(+). Paper-12601300. Low densities were found in the area postrema, principle nucleus of the inferior olive, gracile nucleus, cuneate nucleus and the tractus of the NTS. Paper-5962170. Likewise, no differences were detected for total fatty acid concentration (P = 0.88) in calf adipose tissue due to maternal BCS at parturition. Paper-12124647. None of the M-1S in the two groups of ' gracile' hominids from East and South Africa bears a C6, but it is common in the two 'robust' taxa. Paper-4256040. Biowaiver extension potential to BCS Class III high solubility-low permeability drugs: bridging evidence for metformin immediate-release tablet. Paper-10495694. On-site electrophysiological recordings of resting membrane potentials were performed in freshly isolated skeletal muscles from Sigmops gracile. Paper-12767774. Heterosis for Brahman-Angus was greater (P < 0.05) than all Romosinuano estimates except those for Romosinuano-Brahman and Romosinuano-Angus BCS. Paper-12429718. Three groups served as controls: BCS/PVT not secondary to PV (T-nPV; n = 20), PV without thrombosis (PV-nT; n = 16), and healthy controls (HC; n = 20). Paper-10386267. The nucleotide sequences of 5S rRNAs from two ribbon worms: Emplectonema gracile contains two 5S rRNA species differing considerably in their sequences. Paper-4395815. A 14-year-old girl suffering from acute hepatic failure underwent an emergency living-related liver transplantation and developed BCS 1 year later. Paper-13297075. Then absorption of BCS I drugs is not dependent on drug dissolution or gastrointestinal transit time and the solid dosage form behaves like oral solution. Paper-12441219. The findings of cleft palate, pulmonary hypoplasia, muscular atrophy, gracile thoracic bones, and fetal death are typical of the lethal variant. Paper-4599537. Thus X-chromosome inactivation patterns, in conjunction with erythroid colony studies, can be used to assist in the diagnosis of an underlying MPD in BCS. Paper-425027. Discriminant analysis of six angles used together successfully separates ' gracile' and 'robust' australopithecines, although individual angles do not. Paper-7812157. Following the BCS amoxicillin was classified as a low P(eff) drug, and amiloride had no acute effect on the in vivo jejunal P(eff) of amoxicillin. Paper-9201263. Combining RNA interference with PTD-fusion transcription factors: a novel integrated strategy for achieving trans-differentiation of adult stem cells? Paper-11012712. Some patients with an early or latent myeloproliferative disorder (MPD) present with Budd-Chiari syndrome ( BCS, hepatic vein thrombosis). Paper-425027. The water-soluble Cu+ chelator bathocuproine disulfonate ( BCS) is widely used to quantify Cu+ or detect Cu+ formation in Cu2+-initiated oxidation reactions. Paper-12129709. Conclusions: Modified transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt provides an excellent outcome in patients with BCS (occlusion of the hepatic veins). Paper-13072474. Incorporating protein transduction domains ( PTD) within recombinant 'fusion' transcription factors. A novel strategy for directing stem cell differentiation? Paper-11204787. In the lateral cervical nucleus Substance P positive structures seemed evenly spread and somewhat more numerous than in the gracile and main cuneate nucleus. Paper-6495449. Different signal intensities were observed in the gracile and cuneate fasciculi, and these differences were similar to the pattern seen with the myelin stain. Paper-4413. In conclusion, the TLM- PTD has the potential to mediate efficient transfer of assembled particles and its cargo, nucleic acids, into primary human hepatocytes. Paper-11028376. BCS may be an appropriate method for body fluid volume determination over a wide range of body compositions in different states of health and disease. Paper-12154263. Specific primers for the PCR amplification of a 223-bp region on the sequence encoding the 31-kDa immunogenic Brucella abortus protein ( BCSP 31) were used. Paper-671602. Computer simulations of bioequivalence trials: selection of design and analyte in BCS drugs with first-pass hepatic metabolism: linear kinetics (I). Paper-13565117. Axonal dystrophy in the gracile nucleus in congenital biliary atresia and cystic fibrosis ( mucoviscidosis): beneficial effect of vitamin E therapy. Paper-3492459. The results suggest that some primary afferent information from pelvic visceral organs may be directly conveyed to gracile nucleus by the primary afferent neurons. Paper-8347695. Severe loss of neurons was observed in the thalamus, globus pallidus, lateral geniculate body, gracile nucleus, Purkinje and retinal ganglion cells. Paper-7171943. The extension of the Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS) to Class 3 drugs is meritorious because of its impact on public health policy considerations. Paper-12931756. Based on misclassification-corrected analyses, 43.2 percent of 1,083 women with metachronous contralateral breast cancer did not receive radiotherapy after BCS. Paper-13198058. Protein transduction domain ( PTD) from HIV-1 TAT protein has been reported to translocate across the mammalian cell membrane, also as a part of fusion proteins. Paper-10984195. We present a lethal skeletal dysplasia comprising minor anomalies, central nervous system abnormalities, gracile long bones, and abnormal chondro-osseous morphology. Paper-1319767. After injection of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) into the pelvic nerve of the rat, a small number of HRP-labeled axon terminals were found in the gracile nucleus. Paper-8347695. The complex more effectively internalized into HeLa cells than cationic liposomes and a protein transduction domain ( PTD) based carrier even in the presence of serum. Paper-12780523. The cuneate and gracile nuclei and the fiber tracts did not contain detectable binding, while the inferior olivary nucleus had moderate levels of nonspecific binding. Paper-8041758. As the PK parameter of drugs, the value of AUC/dose was calculated and plotted against CV(90) and the estimated subject number by classifying drugs into 4 BCS classes. Paper-13519266. In a 15-year-old man who underwent therapeutic leg amputation, the gracile nuclei on the transected side revealed reactive gliosis and many small axonal spheroids. Paper-8549434. Morphogenesis is different from that of O. gracile, because the right end of ventral primordium extends dorsally to grow into a right primordium without separation. Paper-8936985. The outcome measure is a 3-category variable defined as (1) mastectomy (MAST), (2) breast-conserving surgery plus radiation therapy (BCS+RT), or (3) BCS alone. Paper-11214071. PDTC-Cu(2+) also induced HL-60 cell apoptosis, and treating cells with TSA, NaBu or BCS significantly attenuated the apoptosis induced by PDTC-Cu(2+). Paper-12659058. Necropsy of the proband showed loss of cells in the dentate nuclei, a reduced amount of cerebellar white matter, and pallor of the gracile tracts in the spinal cord. Paper-4770432. Via covalent linkages, these PTD peptides have been shown to ferry the attached macromolecular species across membranes of all cell types, both in vitro and in vivo. Paper-12995571. Focus groups were conducted either with individuals who had participated in the pilot phase of the BCSP, or with members of the public living outside the pilot areas. Paper-12742092. Computer simulations of bioequivalence trials: selection of design and analyte in BCS drugs with first-pass hepatic metabolism: Part II. Non-linear kinetics. Paper-13565122. Our aim was to quantitatively analyze anatomical and radiologic relationships among the BCS, the CCA, and the pituitary gland, as these structures are accessed during TSS. Paper-12758099. In conclusion, leptin was present in milk and blood serum of does, and blood serum leptin was weakly correlated with doe BW and BCS, but it was not related to kid BW. Paper-11538887. A case of giant fibroadenoma of the breast (size 23x20x13 cm and weight 2680 grams) in a 43-year-old woman with short stature and gracile body build is presented. Paper-10692916. Primary structures of high potential, four-iron-sulfur ferredoxins from the pruple sulfur photosynthetic bacteria, Thiocapsa roseopersicina and chromatium gracile. Paper-3730673. LSB were prominent in the posterior column, gracile nucleus, cuneate nucleus, and the tegmentum of the midbrain and the pons associated with neuronal loss and gliosis. Paper-7850496. Predicting drug disposition via application of BCS: transport/absorption/ elimination interplay and development of a biopharmaceutics drug disposition classification system. Paper-10751318. Isoniazid is "highly soluble" but data on its oral absorption and permeability are inconclusive, suggesting this API to be on the borderline of BCS Class I and III. Paper-12447320. Gracile bones, periostal appositions, hypomineralization of the cranial vault, and mental retardation in brothers: milder variant of osteocraniostenosis or new syndrome? Paper-11036247. SUBJECTS: Responses were received in respect of 958 (68%) of the estimated 1,416 teenagers enrolled in the British Cohort Study ( BCS 70), and resident in Scotland in 1986/7. Paper-11603353. Across feeding systems, the HD and HP strains exhibited a greater loss of BCS in early lactation (0.27 and 0.29 units, respectively) compared with the NZ strain (0.21 units). Paper-12461359. Gracile neuroaxonal dystrophy (NAD) is an distinctive morphological alteration of central projecting axon terminals of dorsal root ganglion neurons. Paper-8549434. BACKGROUND: The normal life expectancy of survivors of early-stage breast cancer ( BCS) underscores the need to address long-term quality of life issues in these women. Paper-8766170. CONCLUSIONS: In BCS, extension of thrombosis into the splanchnic venous bed was significantly related to the number of etiological factors, and was associated with poor outcome. Paper-10840080. The methods used in the study were clinical interview and examination, quantitative scoring of bowel function ( BCS) and estimation of bowel transit time with radiopaque markers. Paper-693569. The upper limit of the hemorrhage was in the left gracile nucleus of the medulla oblongata, and the lower limit was in the left posterior horn of the spinal cord at L4. Paper-6693409. The following factors are not contraindications for BCS: the presence of a centrally located tumour mass, axillary lymph-node involvement or the presence of breast implants. Paper-11661310. Previously, it was shown that BCS is an effective protectant against oxidative glutamate toxicity in the murine neuroblastoma cells and human neuroblastoma cells. Paper-10992556. At autopsy, four homosexual men with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were found to have selective degeneration of the gracile tract, a finding previously unreported in AIDS. Paper-5878731. Phylogenetic and cluster analysis of this sequence set revealed the existence of a sixth major AAA clade, comprising the mitochondrial, membrane-bound protein BCS1 and its homologues. Paper-10548928. Objectives The National Health Service has recently begun the introduction of a Bowel Cancer Screening Programme ( BCSP), offering biennial screening to men and women aged 60-69 years. Paper-12742092. The NMR spectra of the high-potential iron protein from the photosynthetic bacterium Chromatium gracile and its ruthenium-labeled (His-42 and His-20) derivatives are reported. Paper-6429014. By using the diffusion Monte Carlo method we calculate the one- and two-body density matrix of an interacting Fermi gas at T = 0 in the BCS to Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) crossover. Paper-11544711. We developed a branched corn syrup ( BCS, average molecular weight: 500, content of indigestible portion: 45%) by heat treatment of indigestible dextrin with hydrochloric acid. Paper-9133125. The geometry of PTD conformers is defined by the orientation of two methyl ester groups, which may adopt pseudo-trans or pseudo-cis positions in relation to the pyrrolo-thiazole system. Paper-12108695. The formation of Cu(I), as detected by UV-absorption at 480 nm using the Cu(I) complexing ligand BCS, hints at the formation of a reactive species by a Cu(II)/Cu(I) mediated redox cycle. Paper-8760227. All clinical evaluations of the patients were obtained administering a score ( Bronchiolitis Clinical Score - BCS), to quantify both initial severity of illness and response to treatment. Paper-13460471. Differential intracellular distribution of DNA complexed with polyethylenimine ( PEI) and PEI-polyarginine PTD influences exogenous gene expression within live COS-7 cells. Paper-13444584. The double homozygotes also display a more severe axonal degeneration of the gracile tract of the medulla and spinal cord than had been observed in Uch-L1gad single homozygotes. Paper-8943707. We have assembled critical information on secretory, plasma membrane penetration and transcellular properties of Tat and PTD using molecular analysis and available experimental evidences. Paper-12449436. The motility of the purple sulfur bacterium Marichromatium gracile was investigated under different light regimes in a gradient capillary setup with opposing oxygen and sulfide gradients. Paper-10720474. There were no effects of chlortetracycline on ADG, G:F, withers and hip heights, BCS, blood glucose concentrations, peak progesterone concentrations, health, or conception rate. Paper-12175368. Many studies have shown that a motif of 11 consecutive arginines ( 11R) is one of the most effective protein transduction domains ( PTD) for introducing proteins into the cell membrane. Paper-13633759. All mutant BCS1L proteins disrupted the assembly of complex III, reduced the activity of the mitochondrial electron-transport chain, and increased the production of reactive oxygen species. Paper-13122463. Firstly, we aimed to determine the effective in vivo jejunal permeability (P(eff)) of amoxicillin and to classify it according to the Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS). Paper-9201263. We examined the association between CBE sensitivity and tumor, breast and personal characteristics among members of a managed care organization's Breast Cancer Screening Program ( BCSP). Paper-9329189. The justification of BCS is found in the permeability classification of the compound, while those of the linear pharmacokinetics lie in the apparent lack of a permeability problem. Paper-10620682. The present paper describes the helicoidal plane in 19 out of 23 modern human (probably Indian) worn dentitions, in both gracile and robust Australopithecines and in extant anthropoids. Paper-4215855. The performance of a new latex-enhanced turbidimetric assay, D-Dimer PLUS, has been evaluated with two analyzers performing various coagulation assays: the BCS Analyzer and the BCT Analyzer. Paper-9080689. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study of patients radiographically and pathologically eligible for either mastectomy or breast-conserving surgery ( BCS; n = 125). Paper-13597317. This method provides a revolutionary approach to cerebral arteries and ours is the first study to demonstrate the successful transductionof a PTD fused protein into the cerebral arteries. Paper-13633759. A set of standard compounds (marketed compounds) belonging to the various class of Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS) were used to assess the utility of the 96 well Caco-2 cells. Paper-11189468. The sensory terminals in the gracile nuclei provide a simple, well-characterized experimental system in which questions of pathogenesis and prevention of neuroaxonal dystrophy can be addressed. Paper-8475547. T. domesticum and T. montevideense, Trichosporon asahii and Trichosporon asteroides, and Trichosporon gracile and Trichosporon guehoae had identical amino acid sequences. Paper-10982781. These data illustrate that some secreted PTD proteins may be useful reagents to improve protein delivery in mammalian systems and a novel approach to enhancing the response to DNA transfections. Paper-12700657. The absorption of rebamipide, classified into BCS Class IV, from colon was significantly improved by SPM or SPD, and the enhancing ability of SPM was larger than that of SPD. Paper-11365939. In the present study, the similarity factor was calculated on dissolution data of two marketed aceclofenac tablets (a BCS class II drug) using various weighing approaches proposed by Gohel et al. Paper-12739607. On the BCS side of strongly overlapping Cooper pairs, a sliver of finite-momentum paired Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov magnetized phase intervenes between the phase-separated and normal states. Paper-11804557. BACKGROUND: Mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL)-partial tandem duplication ( PTD) is associated with poor prognosis in adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but its relationship to pediatric AML is unknown. Paper-12660424. HIV-immunoreactive macrophages were encountered in 6% of VM cords; they were in regions of gracile tract necrosis in two and in monocytes and multinucleated cells in spinal gray matter in one. Paper-7926161. Gracile neuroaxonal dystrophy (NAD) is a hallmark of the aging human and rodent sensory nervous systems which may represent an abnormal transganglionic response to peripheral axonal injury. Paper-7907077. Naproxen, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), is a biopharmaceutics classification system ( BCS) class II drug whose bioavailability is rate-limited by its dissolution. Paper-13772705. Recombinant mFCRLA fusion protein was constructed with a polyarginine (R9)-protein-transduction domain ( PTD) (rR9-HA-mFCRL), and was transduced into bone marrow-derived dendritic cells (DC) ex vivo. Paper-12543821. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty-one postmenopausal BCS who were participants in a randomized, controlled trial of nonhormonal interventions for menopause symptoms and who had a partnered, intimate relationship. Paper-8766170. This paper presents two new equations for determination of ECW and ICW (referred to as body composition spectroscopy, BCS) based on Hanai mixture theory but corrected for body mass index (BMI). Paper-12154263. In addition, the usefulness of the Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS) in early assessment of the in vivo colonic absorption potential of controlled release drug candidates was investigated. Paper-13637332. Through the NCI BCS program, meaningful data are generated that may lead to NCI-supported research projects, including prospective studies, clinical trials, and advances in scientific knowledge. Paper-10293454. In addition, in vitro solubility and permeability data can also be used for the biopharmaceutics classification system ( BCS) and, subsequently, to direct formulation optimization strategies. Paper-10251127. METHODS: Using the Rhode Island Cancer Registry, the incidence of DCIS and invasive cancer, tumor size, stage, rate of BCS and mortality from breast cancer were determined from 1987 to 2001. Paper-10480442. The general features and liver findings of this disorder suggest the name Growth Retardation Aminoaciduria Cholestasis Iron Overload, Lactacidosis and Early Death ( GRACILE, OMIM 603358). Paper-9427135. However, this component was abolished following treatment of platelets with a combination of both ODQ and BCS, suggesting that Cu+ ions were required for the cyclic GMP-independent pathway to operate. Paper-1497101. The associated skeletal abnormalities of these 5 children are described and include delayed skeletal maturation, metaphyseal abnormalities, microcrania, facial bone abnormalities, and gracile long bones. Paper-7799702. There was severe loss of myelinated nerve fibres in the sural nerve and rostrally accentuated fibre degeneration in the gracile fasciculi, but only mild cell loss in the dorsal root ganglia. Paper-8253707. Cuneate representations of the forelimb and trunk are represented both medial and lateral to the hand representation, and interface with representations in the adjacent gracile and trigeminal nuclei. Paper-1047324. These data suggest the potential of BCS to serve as a cancer chemotherapeutic or chemopreventive agent by virtue of arresting the cell cycle and induction of apoptosis of human lung cancer cells. Paper-10628110. The absorption of such compounds when presented in the crystalline state to the gastrointestinal tract is typically dissolution rate-limited, and the drugs are typically BCS class II or class IV compounds. Paper-12291502. BCS induced arrest at the G2/ M phase cell cycle in the early time and subsequently increased in the sub-G1 phase DNA contents in a time-dependent manner, indicating induction of apoptosis. Paper-10628110. The gene cluster also contains complete and partial copies, and fragments, of the BCS (bovine consensus sequence) SINE (short interspersed nuclear element) family, six examples of which were sequenced. Paper-48232. Standard texts often treat brain size as an independent measure, ignoring its allometric relation with body size - on this basis, gracile australopithecines have been accorded the mental status of gorillas. Paper-2321637. The gene (garB) encoding the central enzyme in glutathione amide cycling, glutathione amide reductase (GAR), has been isolated from Chromatium gracile, and its genomic organization has been examined. Paper-8986549. Crystals of the GAR enzyme from Chromatium gracile have been grown at 294 K by the hanging-drop vapour-diffusion method using lithium sulfate as a precipitant in the presence of nickel ions. Paper-9360329. In addition, it was found that divergent lineages from Dip. gracile and Cte. felis lack any clear affiliation with known supergroups, indicating further genetic diversity within the Wolbachia genus. Paper-11165124. It was concluded that selected non-covalently linked PTDs can be used as a penetration enhancer, but greater skin penetration efficiency can be achieved by covalently binding the PTD to the therapeutic agent. Paper-12688212. This report describes the first 5 years of the Breast Cancer Screening Program ( BCSP) at Cook County Hospital (CCH), a hospital that serves a predominantly African-American and low-income population. Paper-7637721. In vitro solubility of five BCS class II drugs (danazol, diazepam, nifedipine, ketoconazole, indomethacin) was assessed in the intestinal fractions and simulated intestinal fluids. Paper-13755011. Compared to Archaeolemur, the shaft of metacarpal V is gracile, and the head has no dorsal ridge and lacks characteristics functionally associated with digitigrade, extended metacarpophalangeal joint postures. Paper-12745322. CsA can rightly be classified as a low solubility-high permeability Class II BCS drug and its highly variable absorption from Sandimmune oral formulations is the result of poor dissolution characteristics. Paper-9885589. CONCLUSIONS: Due to the solubility behaviour within the physiological pH gradient of the gastrointestinal tract, etoricoxib can be classified as an intermediate class 1/2 drug rather than BCS class 2. Paper-13522250. The growth of Naegleria fowleri cultures in a BCS medium was not affected either by trimethoprim at 400 micrograms/ml or by aminopterine, 3,5-diaminopterine and methotrexate at 500 micrograms/ml. Paper-5270074. Significant correlations between the particulate CYN concentrations and species biovolume were only found for Aphanizomenon gracile (r(s)=0.803) in Langer See indicating that this species is a CYN producer. Paper-13048905. The Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS) allows waivers of in vivo bioequivalence for rapidly dissolving immediate-release (IR) formulations of drugs with high solubility and high permeability. Paper-10723855. For cimetidine and other BCS Class III drugs with a similar intestinal absorption pattern, application of the biowaiver concept seems to present little risk of an inappropriate bioequivalence decision. Paper-11372578. In this report, orally administered drugs on the Model list of Essential Medicines of the World Health Organization (WHO) are assigned BCS classifications on the basis of data available in the public domain. Paper-10492820. Four drugs, dithiazanine iodide, naphuride sodium, thiacetarsamide sodium, and diethylcarbamazine were tested against Dipetalonema gracile and Tetrapetalonema marmosetae. Paper-4147961. GRACILE syndrome (growth retardation, aminoaciduria, cholestasis, iron overload, lactacidosis, and early death; OMIM 603358) is a rare metabolic disorder with autosomal recessive mode of inheritance. Paper-9466531. Experimentally, lower limb amputation has been shown to accelerate the formation of gracile NAD, suggesting that the transganglionic response to peripheral axotomy may play a role in its development. Paper-8549434. The flavonoids were found to be the major constituents contributing to the free-radical-scavenging activity of I. gracile, but the high concentration of coumarins additionally contributed to the observed activity. Paper-12509525. Radiographic and anatomic studies of the fetuses demonstrated multiple pterygia, flexion contracture of multiple joints, abnormal facial appearance, cleft palate, pulmonary hypoplasia, and gracile bones. Paper-5809640. 1H NMR characterization of Chromatium gracile high-potential iron protein and its ruthenium-modified derivatives. Modulation of the reduction potentials in low- and high-potential [ Fe4S4] ferredoxins. Paper-6429014. BACKGROUND: We propose a new classification for the location of gastric cancer - the PTD classification (i.e., zones P, T, and D; see below), with the zones classified according to the physiological lymphatic flow. Paper-12968382. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of supplementation of 350 mg/d of chlortetracycline on ADG, G:F, BCS, thyroxine, and systemic glucose concentrations in yearling dairy heifers. Paper-12175368. The aim of this paper was to investigate the in vivo dissolution behavior of ketoprofen, a Class II drug according to the Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS), in the upper small intestine of dogs. Paper-12219820. Instead, the active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) currently used in solid dosage forms, norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, proved to be BCS class 4 (low solubility/low permeability). Paper-13689647. We evaluate whether any differences in (1) the degree of genetic variation and (2) allele frequencies at the various loci exist within samples occurring in various habitats on the BCS and in the Schelde estuary. Paper-10525645. Literature data on the properties of chloroquine phosphate, chloroquine sulfate, and chloroquine hydrochloride related to the Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS) are reviewed. Paper-11285059. We generated a yeast artificial chromosome (YAC)/bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)-based physical and transcript map of a region containing the gracile axonal dystrophy (gad) locus on mouse chromosome 5. Paper-8479185. Antigen was found in the spinal cord gray and white matter sensory neuronal circuits of nociception (the spinothalamic tract) and proprioception (the dorsal spinocerebellar tract and gracile fasciculus). Paper-909027. Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the outcome of a modified transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (MTIPS) in the treatment of the Budd-Chiari syndrome ( BCS, occlusion of the hepatic veins). Paper-13072474. The aim of this paper is to propose a pharmaceutical risk assessment strategy that goes beyond the usual characterisation of a clinical candidate molecule according to the biopharmaceutical classification system ( BCS). Paper-10832489. Recently, the Biopharmaceutical Classification System ( BCS) has been implemented for the purpose of waiving bioequivalence studies on the basis of the solubility and gastrointestinal permeability of drug substance. Paper-10620682. The recent discovery of the protein transduction domain ( PTD) membrane-penetrating peptides, such as HIV-TAT, has finally offered the possibility of resolving this cell-membrane barrier for macromolecular drug delivery. Paper-12995571. The present study was undertaken to analyse the capability of HIV-1 derived TAT protein transduction domain ( PTD) fused with Green Fluorescent Protein (TAT-GFP) as a delivery vehicle into a range of protozoan parasites. Paper-12724435. An RFLP analysis of the PCR-amplified spacer sequence between the 16S and 23S ribosomal DNAs gave similar results except that there was a larger number of differences between C. gracile and the other organisms examined. Paper-708111. In contrast, 2,2'-dipyridyl (DP), which is also a Cu+-complexing reagent, but not as well known and therefore not as commonly used as BCS, did not cause any oxidative modification of DCFH in the presence of Cu2+ or Cu+. Paper-12129709. These findings were in conformity with postmortem morphometric analysis, which showed marked reduction of myelinated fibers in the gracile fascicle but only slight reduction of large myelinated fibers in the sural nerve. Paper-4150127. To study Brd4-chromatin interactions in vivo, histone H4 tail peptides were fused to a synthetic protein transduction domain ( PTD) derived from the human immunodeficiency virus Tat and delivered into cultured cells. Paper-12788123. The lakes were dominated by Planktothrix agardhii but the occurrence of the CYN investigated here might be associated with the invasive species Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii and/or native Aphanizomenon gracile. Paper-13578918. Nevertheless, the lack of selectivity for PTD-mediated internalization restricts the application of this cell uptake method in clinical practice, due to concerns of inducing systemic toxicity caused by the carried drugs. Paper-12995571. Autopsy revealed selective ascending tract degeneration of the gracile fasciculi of the posterior columns of the spinal cord and residual endoneurial deposits were found in lumbosacral dorsal nerve roots and ganglia. Paper-4526168. Corresponding sections of femoral shaft revealed distinctive histopathology with thickened periosteum and fibrocartilage-like tissue covering an exuberant neocortex of closely aligned, gracile, woven bone trabeculae. Paper-890219. The purpose of this study was to develop a new monolithic matrix system to completely deliver glipizide, a Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS) Class II drug in a zero order manner over an extended time period. Paper-11379805. The protein transduction domain ( PTD) from the HIV-1 TAT protein has been widely utilized to deliver biologically active macromolecules, including full-length proteins, into a variety of cell types in vitro and in vivo. Paper-11294441. However, for the class II BCS drug ibuprofen, the two capsule types were not statistically different when comparing AUC and C(max) values, which suggests that the in vitro differences have reduced in vivo relevance. Paper-10422717. Pulse-chase experiments performed in COS-1 cells indicated that the S78G amino acid change results in instability of the polypeptide, and yeast complementation studies revealed a functional defect in the mutated BCS1L protein. Paper-9171374. OBJECTIVES: To assess the relationship between in vitro dissolution characteristics and in vivo absorption performance of immediate-release (IR) products containing cimetidine, a BCS Class III compound, in human subjects. Paper-11372578. Parietal bone agenesis with gracile bones and splenic hypoplasia/aplasia: Clinico-pathologic report and differential diagnosis with review of cranio-gracile bone syndromes, "osteocraniostenosis" and Kleeblattsch??del. Paper-12298666. In the present study, we show that one of the stilbenoids, 3,4,5-trimethoxy-4'-bromo-cis-stilbene ( BCS), was more effective than its corresponding trans-isomer and resveratrol on the inhibition of cancer cell growth. Paper-10628110. The results demonstrated that the animals maintained a moderate BCS without alteration of BW during the course of training, providing evidence of equilibrium between food intake and caloric expenditure during the study period. Paper-11447360. BMS-488043 is classified as a Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS) Class-II compound with a poor aqueous solubility of 0.04mg/mL and an acceptable permeability of 178nm/s in the Caco2 cell-line model. Paper-13653316. In the case of BCS class II drugs dissolution is rate-limiting to absorption, so the use of biorelevant dissolution tests can be used to predict differences in bioavailability among different formulations and dosing conditions. Paper-8590620. Biowaiver monographs for immediate release solid oral dosage forms based on biopharmaceutics classification system ( BCS) literature data: verapamil hydrochloride, propranolol hydrochloride, and atenolol. Paper-10522021. The synergetic improving effect of bile acids with spermine ( SPM), a major polyamine, on the absorption of rebamipide, a poorly soluble and poorly absorbable drug ( BCS Class IV), was evaluated in rats and beagle dogs. Paper-12276445. Five nuclei from the brainstem medulla (caudal and rostral levels) were studied, including the hypoglossal (XII), dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (DMNV), the dorsal column nuclei ( gracile and cuneate) and the arcuate nucleus. Paper-12661902. 1-Bromopropane induced weakness in the muscle strength of rat limbs and deterioration of MCV and DL in a dose-dependent manner, with morphological changes in peripheral nerve and preterminal axon in the gracile nucleus. Paper-8500476. Ten microM Abeta25-35-induced cell death was protected by the application of water extract of BCS in a dose-dependent manner, and concentrations of 1-10 microg/ml had a significant effect compared to exposure to Abeta25-35 only. Paper-10992556. We demonstrate that PTD-mediated delivery of NBD using certain PTDs, in particular 8K (octalysine), is therapeutic following systemic delivery in murine models of inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes and muscular dystrophy. Paper-13342698. The plasmid is designed to generate a C-terminal fusion with the 12 amino acid HIV-Tat peptide as a protein transduction domain ( PTD), whereas the protein N-terminus is fused to an 17-residue peptide lanthanide-binding tag (LBT). Paper-12438884. The incidences of the complex body (CB) and granular material types and of the homogeneous dense-body (HDB) type, which appeared only in the gracile nucleus, showed no difference between the intoxicated patients and the controls. Paper-6436030. HeLa cells were synchronized in cell cycle with the thymidine-hydroxyurea block method, and recombinant Cre proteins were fused with HIV-1 TAT protein transduction domains ( PTD) in every phase of the cell cycle. Paper-12698992. These results confirm significant differences between the cranial base patterns of the " gracile" and "robust" australopithecines and the three crania attributed to Homo erectus have a pattern which resembles that of modern humans. Paper-4220877. The purpose of this study is to provisionally classify, based on the Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS), drugs in immediate-release dosage forms that appear on the World Health Organization (WHO) Essential Drug List. Paper-10850830. A simple and rapid capillary electrophoresis method has been developed for the quantitative analysis of three active compounds: (3R)-7,2'-dihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxy-isoflavan, kaempferol, and quercetin in Ixeridium gracile. Paper-12541374. A powerful method to introduce myeloma-associated antigens into the cytosol of dendritic cells is protein transduction, a process by which proteins fused with a protein transduction domain ( PTD) freely traverse membrane barriers. Paper-11026055. An 11-amino acid fragment of human immunodeficiency type 1 ( HIV-1) TAT-protein can transduce large, biologically active proteins into mammalian cells; recent evidence has shown an in vivo PTD for the 116 kDa beta-galactosidase protein. Paper-11318021. Moreover, strict admission and discharge criteria were defined, taking into consideration the BCS, response to treatment and the presence of risk factors for severe disease, attempting to increase the role of the Short Stay Unit (SSU). Paper-13460471. Bambusae concretio Salicea ( BCS; plant family name: Phyllostachys bambusoides Siebold et Zuccarinii) is a medicinal plant used in Korea for the treatment of various symptoms accompanying hypertension and cerebrovascular disorders. Paper-10992556. All BCS1L mutations disrupted the assembly of mitochondrial respirasomes (the basic unit for respiration in human mitochondria), but the clinical expression of the mutations was correlated with the production of reactive oxygen species. Paper-13122463. Neuropathological studies carried out in two of the three fatal cases revealed degeneration of the posterior column, selective loss of large-caliber, myelinated axons in peripheral nerve, and spheroids in the gracile and cuneate nuclei. Paper-3786398. ProDect BCS RV CHIP detected only 10 positive specimens in which one of them was infected by two different viruses (5 respiratory syncytial virus, 3 parainfluenza virus type 3, 2 adenovirus, and 1 influenza virus type B). Paper-13322283. The introduction of the biopharmaceutics drug classification system ( BCS) into the guidelines of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is a major step forward to classify the biopharmaceutical properties of drugs and drug products. Paper-8358226. On the basis of timing and topography of the components, the source of the first one, SLSPEP1, was localized to the lumbar dorsal root fibers and that of the second, SLSEP2, to the ascending spinal tracts, principally gracile fasciculus. Paper-4193391. The biopharmaceutics classification system ( BCS) is now being considered by the FDA to develop new regulatory guidance for bioequivalence studies (Hussain, 1998; Lesko, 1997; Lesko, L.J., 1997. Eur. J. Pharm. Sci. 5 (Suppl. 2), S42). Paper-1713087. The Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS) was developed to allow prediction of in vivo pharmacokinetic performance of drug products from measurements of permeability (determined as the extent of oral absorption) and solubility. Paper-10751318. The Author has proposed in 1989 to classify this morphofunctional complex as a bioelectronic connectional system ( BCS), in which connective tissue is largely included, but the functions of which go well beyond its classical mechanical ones. Paper-6795353. We describe 3 new cases of a rare form of dwarfism (so-called "lethal skeletal dysplasia with gracile bones" or "osteocraniostenosis"), a condition characterized by thin, brittle bones and death in late gestation or early neonatal life. Paper-1403281. Type-specimens of Lomasoma wardi (Manter, 1934), L. monolenei (Manter, 1934), L. gracile (Manter, 1934) (emend.) and L. stefanskii Dollfus, 1960 were studied with special reference to the structure of their body margins and terminal genitalia. Paper-13128639. Biowaiver monographs for immediate release solid oral dosage forms based on biopharmaceutics classification system ( BCS) literature data: chloroquine phosphate, chloroquine sulfate, and chloroquine hydrochloride. Paper-11285059. The Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS), based on the aqueous solubility and intestinal permeability of a drug substance, has been widely used to predict the extent of drug absorption during the course of pharmaceutical development. Paper-13637331. BACKGROUND: The extension of biowaivers (drug product approval without a pharmacokinetic bioequivalence study) to drugs belonging to Class III of the Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS) is currently a subject of much discussion. Paper-11372578. The difference between the BCS and overall satisfaction with bowel function can be explained by good habilitation to SCI and by the prolonged transit times which enables relatively rare and controlled bowel movements and firm consistency of stools. Paper-693569. A retrospective review was conducted of all early-stage breast cancer patients treated with breast-conservation surgery plus radiation therapy ( BCS/RT) to determine mortality and recurrence rates and to evaluate prognostic factors for these outcomes. Paper-1369972. Changes in the spinal cord included vacuolar myelopathy (5 cases), HIV myelitis (1 case), microglial nodules (3 cases) and pallor of the gracile tracts (GTP) in 7 cases, in 6 of whom it co-existed with increased numbers of nN. Paper-7529620. To examine the structural plasticity of central dorsal root ganglia (DRG)-derived axons in the gracile nucleus, we evaluated the response of the lumbar DRG and their central projections to sciatic nerve injury in young and old rats. Paper-7907077. Within the range studied, the effect of temperature on heterocyst frequency of Tolypothrix sp. and planktonic Anabaena strains could be fitted by a normal curve with a clear optimum while linear correlation was found in Aphanizomenon gracile. Paper-12980135. With the BCS Analyzer, we determined a cut-off value of 190 ng/ml, which gave a sensitivity of 97.9% [95% confidence interval (CI), 92.6-99.7%], a specificity of 37.9% (95% CI, 30.9-43.8%) and a negative predictive value of 97.6% (95% CI, 91.7-99.7%). Paper-9080689. Injections of a retrograde tracer (Fluorogold) were made into the thalamus, gracile nucleus or lateral parabrachial nucleus to identify spinothalamic, post-synaptic dorsal column or spinoparabrachial projection neurons respectively (n=4 in each group). Paper-12983257. A new theory of stereopsis is proposed that predicts how cells sensitive to multiple spatial frequencies, disparities, and orientations are combined by context-sensitive filtering, competition, and cooperation to form coherent BCS boundary segmentations. Paper-8013026. Prebreeding, most heifers showed signs of vulvovaginitis, 44% cultured positive for U. diversum . Significant associations were found between the severity of vaginal lesions and ovarian activity (P < 0.05), and between BCS and ovarian activity (P < 0.02). Paper-12092486. The objective of the present study was to determine effects of strain of Holstein-Friesian and feed system on body weight (BW) and body condition score ( BCS; scale of 1 to 5) lactation profiles in seasonal-calving, grass-based milk production systems. Paper-12461359. The grafted peptide possesses a cationic protein transduction domain ( PTD) sequence of HIV-Tat protein, GRKKRRQRRRPPQ for cell permeation, which are connected with polyacrylamide backbone via a consensus substrate sequence for HIV protease, SQNY/PIVQ. Paper-12887978. The newly reconstructed virtual endocast of Taung displays a number of shape features that sort it more closely with gracile than robust australopithecines, including squared-off frontal lobes in dorsal view, and the shape of the tips of its temporal poles. Paper-12604666. Twelve purebred Arabian horses were submitted to aerobic training for 90 d, with and without creatine supplementation, and evaluated with respect to BW and BCS and to the area and frequency of the different types of muscle fibers in the gluteus medius. Paper-11447360. This workshop provided an opportunity for pharmaceutical scientists to discuss the FDA guidance on the Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS), bioequivalence of oral products, and related FDA initiatives such as the FDA Critical Path Initiative. Paper-12931764. The aims of the present study were to formulate stable onion phases of the biodegradable surfactant PEG-8 Distearate (PEG8DS) and evaluate application of the onion phases in encapsulating sumatriptan succinate, a BCS class III potent antimigraine drug. Paper-13366573. The FDA has published recommendations for sponsors who wish to request a waiver of in vivo bioavailability (BA) or bioequivalence (BE) studies for immediate release (IR) solid oral dosage forms based on the Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS). Paper-12343424. A simple three-step protocol consisting of affinity purification of LBT/ PTD dual-tagged proteins has also been developed, in which the proteins are purified by heparin-, then immobilized Ni(2+)-, and then heparin-affinity chromatography, in this order. Paper-12438884. Changes were sometimes seen in the cerebral cortex, the interpeduncular nuclei, the central mesencephalic grey matter, the colliculi, the tenth and twelfth cranial nerve and perihypoglossal nuclei, the gracile and cuneate nuclei and anterior horn cells. Paper-5919128. 5. The rate of NO release from GSNO, and its ability both to stimulate intra-platelet cyclic GMP accumulation and to inhibit platelet aggregation, were all significantly diminished by the copper (I) (Cu+) chelating agent bathocuproine disulphonic acid ( BCS). Paper-1497101. METHODS: Self-administered questionnaire assessing body image perception, social habits, sexual attraction and self-consciousness with relatives/friends, was randomly assigned to 125 patients (61 BCS, 64 MRM; aged 53 +/- 8 and 50 + 9 years, respectively, p = NS). Paper-11078213. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference trees inferred from the amino acid sequences of mitochondrial protein-coding genes consistently indicate that the pycnogonids (A. bituberculata and N. gracile) may be closely related to the clade of Acari and Araneae. Paper-13441882. The combined release and permeation behavior of furosemide loaded into thermally carbonized mesoporous silicon (TCPSi) microparticles was studied in order to evaluate the potential of TCPSi-loading to improve permeation of furosemide, a BCS class IV compound. Paper-13250093. In another case, a male aged 63 with a 60-month history of progressive muscle weakness, dysarthia, dyspnoea and increased tendon reflexes, signal was located to neurones in the gracile/cuneate nuclei of the brain stem tissue block that had been analyzed. Paper-10441231. The results of this study show that the permeability values of jejunal mucosa obtained with the flow-through diffusion system are good predictors of the selected BCS class 1 and 3 drugs' permeation, and it concurred with other in vitro and in vivo studies. Paper-13694111. The structure of dimethyl 5-methyl-1H,3H-pyrrolo[1,2-c][1,3]thiazole-6,7-dicarboxylate 2,2-dioxide ( PTD) was investigated in low-temperature noble gas matrixes (Ar, Kr, Xe), amorphous solid, and the crystalline state by infrared spectroscopy and computational methods. Paper-12108695. In addition to its usefulness in assessing cytosolic uptake, DUB processing of PTD-linked proteins can ensure the intracellular release of cargo proteins, which might prove helpful for MHC-I-based vaccination or intracellular delivery of biologically active polypeptides. Paper-11302027. Prompted by the strong growth inhibitory activity of BCS ( IC50; 0.03 microM) compared to its trans-isomer ( IC50; 6.36 microM) and resveratrol ( IC50; 33.0 microM) in cultured human lung cancer cells (A549), we investigated its mechanism of action. Paper-10628110. In gracile australopithecines and subsequently living hominids, trends towards increased frequencies of mastoid and (later) parietal emissary foramina coincide with a trend towards decreased frequencies of an enlarged O/M sinus system and multiple hypoglossal canals. Paper-5400742. The North Carolina Breast Cancer Screening Program (NC- BCSP) was established to increase the rate of regular mammography screening by an absolute 20% in 3 years among older Black women ages 50 and older in five rural counties in the eastern part of the state. Paper-291455. Nerve fibers occurred within gracile and cuneate fasciculi, trigeminal spinal tract and nucleus, facial, trigeminal, vestibular and oculomotor nerves, solitary tract, medial longitudinal fasciculus, medial lemniscus, and inferior and superior cerebellar peduncles. Paper-12563745. Radiographs of ten liveborn infants with chromosomally confirmed triploidy showed six findings highly suggestive of this diagnosis: harlequin orbits, small anterior fontanelle, gracile ribs, diaphyseal overtubulation of long bones, upswept clavicles and antimongoloid pelvis. Paper-6377924. Current guidelines (CPMP Note for Guidance in Europe and FDA Guidance for Industry in the USA) consider a waiver of bioavailability/ bioequivalence studies for immediate release dosage forms of highly soluble, highly permeable drug substances (Class I according to the BCS). Paper-2108453. Nerve fibers occurred within gracile and cuneate fasciculi, trigeminal spinal tract and nucleus, oculomotor and facial nerves, solitary tract, vestibular nerve, medial longitudinal fasciculus, medial and lateral lemnisci, and inferior and superior cerebellar peduncles. Paper-12469431. In ferrets injected with 4 mg DFP/kg b.w., dense axonal and terminal degeneration were noted at 21 and 28 days post-DFP in the gracile, inferior vestibular, and lateral reticular nuclei, medial and dorsal accessory nuclei of the inferior olive, and in cerebellar folia I-IV. Paper-7015236. It could be demonstrated that the genus Distigma is paraphyletic, consisting of two distinct clades: one comprises four strains of the type species, Distigma proteus, and the other includes four strains of Distigma curvatum, Distigma gracile, Distigma sennii and Distigma elegans. Paper-9768608. In conclusion, the BCSP has produced favourable changes with respect to stage (increasing the percentage of early breast cancer) and therapeutic management (increasing conservative surgery and decreasing the number of adjuvant treatments ( radiotherapy and chemotherapy)). Paper-11130516. IACAs were observed far most frequently in the gracile nuclei, followed by the anterior horns of the spinal cord and in descending order; lateral geniculate bodies, reticular formation, sensory and motor nuclei in the brain stem, cerebellum and cerebral cortex. Paper-2791347. Systems which may be involved in the latter group include cerebellodentatorubral, pyramidal, extrapyramidal, optic, auditory, posterior columns and gracile and cuneate nuclei, spinocerebellar pathways, motor neurons of cranial nerves and anterior horns, and muscle fibers. Paper-5408259. The Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS) is the scientific basis for classifying drugs based on their aqueous solubility and intestinal permeability that supports in vivo bioavailability and bioequivalence waivers for immediate-release solid dosage form drugs. Paper-13633511. The Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS) is the scientific basis for classifying drugs based on their aqueous solubility and intestinal permeability that supports in vivo bioavailability and bioequivalence waivers for immediate-release solid dosage form drugs. Paper-13521799. Since motor neurons were not directly involved, we postulate that hindlimb paralysis may have resulted from intense involvement of the posterior column ( gracile fasciculus) in the thoracolumbar spinal cord, a region known to contain the corticospinal tract in rodents. Paper-909027. No significant deficiency of complex III activity of respiratory chain has been found, although we recently showed that the underlying genetic cause is a missense mutation (S78G) in the BCS1L gene and other mutations in that gene have been associated with complex III deficiency. Paper-9607098. CONCLUSION: The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of A. bituberculata (Family Ammotheidae) and the previously-reported partial sequence of Endeis spinosa show the gene arrangement patterns typical of arthropods (Limulus-like), but they differ markedly from that of N. gracile. Paper-13441882. Gene order derives from that of other arthropods so that presumably 10 single tRNA gene translocations, a translocation of the mitochondrial control region, and one large inversion affecting protein-coding genes must have happened in the lineage leading to Nymphon gracile. Paper-12315783. In order to reveal the somatotopic organization of the gracile nucleus of the dorsal column-trigeminal complex, neuroanatomical tracers were injected subcutaneously into various parts of the hindlimb and tail of prosimian galagos, New World monkeys, and Old World monkeys. Paper-12238154. Blockade of transmission of visceral nociceptive signals through the rat sacral cord by microdialysis administration of morphine or 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione shows that postsynaptic DC neurons in the sacral cord transmit visceral nociceptive signals to the gracile nucleus. Paper-1947299. It was thought that chronic phenytoin intoxication might induce dystrophic changes, such as those characterized by the presence of the TM and LML types, in the axon terminals of the gracile and cuneate nuclei, possibly due to some abnormalities of the axoplasmic transport system. Paper-6436030. The arcuate nucleus and inferior olivary nuclear complex showed lower AM expression than the hypoglossal nucleus (P < 0.001), vestibular nuclei (P < 0.01), cuneate and gracile nuclei (P < 0.05), lateral column of the reticular formation (P < 0.05), and nucleus ambiguous (P < 0.05). Paper-12021216. Considerable investigation is devoted to the modification of PEI to incorporate virus-like properties to improve its efficacy, including the incorporation of the protein transduction domain ( PTD) polyarginine (Arg); itself demonstrated to facilitate membrane translocation of molecular cargo. Paper-13444584. Neuropathological examination revealed Purkinje cell loss and atrophy of the dentate nuclei in the cerebellum, anterior horn-cell atrophy and demyelination of the gracile fasciculi in the spinal cord, and the existence of nucleocytomegalic cells in the anterior pituitary gland. Paper-8958306. Phytochemical investigation of the Tibetan medicinal plant Ixeridium gracile resulted in the isolation and identification of twelve flavonoids and two coumarins, compounds 1-14, the dimeric '2alpha,3alpha-epoxy-5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavan-(4beta-->8)-epicatechin' (1) being a new constituent. Paper-12509525. The humeral diaphysis indicates a gradual reduction in habitual load levels from Eurasian late archaic, to Early Upper Paleolithic early modern, to Middle Upper Paleolithic early modern hominids, with the Levantine Middle Paleolithic early modern humans being a gracile anomalous outlier. Paper-1259624. Substance P-like immunoreactivity was absent in the area postrema, intercalated nucleus, gracile and cuneate nuclei, in the epiolivary, subtrigeminal and parvocellular divisions of the lateral reticular nucleus, spinal vestibular nucleus, and in the solitary and pyramidal tracts. Paper-6577359. These findings included apparent overgrowth of the epiphyses, periarticular osteoporosis, and joint-space narrowing in seven subjects; accentuation of the trabecular pattern in six; gracile bones and soft-tissue wasting in five; tibiotalar slant in two; and premature epiphyseal closure in one. Paper-4780536. The purpose of this study was to determine the permeability and solubility of seven beta-blockers ( acebutolol, atenolol, labetalol, metoprolol, nadolol, sotalol, and timolol) and to classify them according to the Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS). Paper-13373311. On the basis of the overall evidence, a biowaiver can be recommended for cimetidine IR products, provided that the test product contains only those excipients reported in this paper in their usual amounts, and that the test and the comparator drug products both are "rapidly dissolving" as per BCS. Paper-11385781. Given that both Uch-L1gad and Uch-L3Delta3-7 single homozygotes display distinct degenerative defects that are exacerbated in the double homozygotes, we conclude that Uch-L1 and Uch-L3 have both separate and overlapping functions in the maintenance of neurons of the gracile tract, NTS and AP. Paper-8943707. This study investigates this hypothesis in a national cohort study in Britain. Blood pressures and pulse rates taken on a sample of 5019 members of the British Birth Cohort Study ( BCS 70) at the age of 10 years were analysed in relation to self reported smoking behaviour at age 16+ years. Paper-424514. This 26% sequence difference is similar to that observed among separate species of chromatiaceae such as Chromatium vinosum, C. gracile, and Thiocapsa roseopersicina, and is suprising because there are no distinguishing microbiological characteristics separating these two R. tenue strains. Paper-4959774. Following stimulation of the posterior tibial nerve, lumbar electrodes record a response that is the composite of two signals, one (PV) corresponding to the afferent volley in the cauda equina and gracile tract, and another (N22) generated postsynaptically in the gray matter of the lumbar cord. Paper-5861195. Previous studies have shown that peptides containing the protein transduction domain ( PTD) of the human immunodeficiency virus tat protein (GRKKRRQRRR) were effective inhibitors of herpes simplex virus type 1 ( HSV-1) entry (H. Bultmann and C. R. Brandt, J. Biol. Chem. 277:36018-36023, 2002). Paper-13189758. GRACILE (growth retardation, aminoaciduria, cholestasis, iron overload, lactacidosis, and early death) syndrome is a recessively inherited lethal disease characterized by fetal growth retardation, lactic acidosis, aminoaciduria, cholestasis, and abnormalities in iron metabolism. Paper-9171374. The observation that the DRG parent neurons of the degenerate gracile tracts in AMN undergo atrophy and do not display appreciable evidence of cell death, even at autopsy, provides a wide window of opportunity for the development of therapeutic strategies to combat or prevent this myeloneuropathy. Paper-8969421. The objective of this work is to use a computer simulation approach to define the most sensitive analyte and study design of the in vivo bioequivalence study for all types of Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS) drugs undergoing first-pass hepatic metabolism under non-linear conditions. Paper-13565122. Spheroids from phenytoin-intoxicated epileptics showed significantly higher proportions of the tubulomembranous (TM) and layered membrane loop (LML) types in the gracile nucleus, appearance of the same types in the cuneate nucleus, and a significant decrease of the neurofilamentous (NF) type in both nuclei. Paper-6436030. Findings of normal sural nerve conduction but reduced amplitude and poor definition of SEPs with normal latencies on peroneal nerve stimulation support a pattern of central nervous system degeneration characterized by a selective involvement of centrally directed axons within the gracile fasciculi. Paper-5766001. In this Letter, we use a mean-field approach to the tt;{'}t;{''}J model in order to address the features in these spectra that deviate from the BCS paradigm, namely, the bias sign asymmetry at high bias, the generic lack of evidence for the van Hove singularity, and the absence of coherence peaks at low dopings. Paper-12258909. The aim of this study was to examine BCS and extended metabolic profiles, reflecting both energy metabolism and liver status around calving in high-producing herds with a high incidence of abomasal displacement and ketosis and to evaluate if such profiles can be used at herd level to pinpoint specific herd problems. Paper-13012471. Nine representative pharmaceuticals listed in the biopharmaceutical classification system ( BCS) were chosen as the candidate compounds and Hank's balanced salt solution with Hepes buffer (HBSS-Hepes buffer) was used as the cell-culture medium in an effort to study permeability of chemicals through cell monolayers. Paper-9169599. PURPOSE: The objective was to investigate the feasibility of using a miniaturized disk intrinsic dissolution rate (IDR) apparatus to determine the Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS) solubility class, and to develop an approach where IDR measurements performed in media of different buffer capacity could be compared. Paper-13022214. The necropolis of Viale della Serenissima/Via Basiliano in Rome, mostly referable to the II century AD, recently yielded the skeleton of an individual characterized by proportionate short stature, gracile features suggesting female gender, and delayed epiphysial closure, associated with full maturation of the permanent dentition. Paper-8862224. AIMS: To investigate whether the drug-drug interaction between fexofenadine and ketoconazole is localized to efflux transport proteins of the small intestine, and to determine and classify the effective jejunal permeability (Peff) of fexofenadine according to the Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS). Paper-9862957. The damping rate of BEC-acoustic excitations (phonon modes), measured in the middle of the trap as a function of the phonon momentum, yields an unambiguous signature of BCS-like superfluidity, provides a measurement of the superfluid gap parameter, and gives an estimate of the size of the Cooper pairs in the BEC-BCS crossover regime. Paper-13240965. Prediction of complications are as follows: 1) graft resorption increases according to gap size and low possibility of revascularization; 2) a higher number of complications are linked to presence of oronasal fistula and to scarring of soft tissues; 3) because of more gracile skeleton and female metabolism, the risk is higher in women. Paper-13267688. Torasemide has been classified as a Class I drug according to the BCS up to a maximum dose of 40 mg and the data suggest that the current FDA guidance could be improved by giving more emphasis to selection of appropriate dissolution media than is given in its current form for approving biowaiver to generic products of Class I drugs. Paper-12336304. It is structured in a chronological order, from the theoretical foundations of dissolution, developed in the first half of the 20th century, and the development of a relationship between dissolution and bioavailability in the 1950s, going to the more recent developments in the framework of the Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS). Paper-12194795. The cranial base pattern of KNM-ER 1805 is compatible with its inclusion in either Australopithecus boisei or Homo. When account is taken of the immaturity of Taung, the evidence of its cranial base pattern suggests that if it had reached adulthood it would have resembled the " gracile" australopithecine crania from Sterkfontein and Makapansgat. Paper-4220877. A micellar electrokinetic chromatography ( MEKC) method has been developed for the quantitative analysis of five flavonoids: luteolin 7-O-glucoside ( LG), 2',4'-dihydroxy-dihydrochalcone ( DD), 2',4'-dihydroxy-chalcone (DC), 7-hydroxy-flavanone (HF) and quercetin 3-O-galactoside ( QG) in Ixeridium gracile with UV detection at 275 nm. Paper-12613325. Quantitative analysis of microwear features preserved on the occlusal surfaces of the M2s of southern African specimens of Australopithecus and Paranthropus (the so-called ' gracile' and 'robust' australopithecines) reveals that there is no striking relationship in either taxon between occlusal facet inclination and the incidence of wear features. Paper-5785750. Isoniazid's solubility and permeability characteristics according to the Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS), as well as its therapeutic use and therapeutic index, its pharmacokinetic properties, data related to the possibility of excipient interactions and reported BE/ bioavailability (BA) problems were taken into consideration. Paper-12447320. Acetazolamide's solubility and permeability characteristics according to the Biopharmaceutics Classification System ( BCS), as well as its therapeutic use and therapeutic index, its pharmacokinetic properties, data related to the possibility of excipient interactions and reported BE/ bioavailability (BA) problems are taken into consideration. Paper-12774197. The global budget approach of the 1980s was replaced by performance-related financing methods including the ICPM (International Classification of Procedures in Medicine) code system of the WHO ( World Health Organization) in out-patient care and the introduction of HBCS (Homogen Betegsegcsoportok, "Homogeneous Disease Groups") in in-patient care. Paper-10935642. The essential oil of TANACETUM GRACILE (Accession no. AT-01 termed AT-01 in the manuscript), a cold desert alpine highly aromatic herb, has 40 constituents including lavendulol (21.5 %), lavendulol acetate (1.7 %), alpha-pinene (11.2 %), 1,8-cineole (15.2 %), CIS-beta-ocimene (6.9 %), borneol (6.1 %), limonene (5.1 %) and chamazulene (3.7 %). Paper-12789438. These synonyms are used for gene BCS1L (BCS1-like (yeast)): PTD, Mitochondrial chaperone BCS1, Hs.6719, H-BCS1, h-BCS, GRACILE, FLNMS, BJS, BCS1-like protein, BCS1, BCS. These accession numbers are used for gene BCS1L: Q53RT4 (UNIPROT__AC), Q53EX1 (UNIPROT__AC), AAN05490 (NCBI_GENBANK__AC), AAB97365 (NCBI_GENBANK__AC). BCS1L is a homologue of SPAC644.07 (Rieske ISP assembly protein) from Schizosaccharomyces pombe. BCS1L is a homologue of PFF0155w (bcs1-like protein) from Plasmodium falciparum 3D7. BCS1L is a homologue of KLLA0E02464g (hypothetical protein) from Kluyveromyces lactis NRRL Y-1140. BCS1L is a homologue of CG4908 (CG4908 gene product from transcript CG4908-RB) from Drosophila melanogaster. BCS1L is a homologue of BCS1L (BCS1-like (yeast)) from Bos taurus. BCS1L is a homologue of BCS1L (BCS1-like (yeast)) from Pan troglodytes. BCS1L is a homologue of BCS1L (BCS1-like (yeast)) from Gallus gallus. BCS1L is a homologue of BCS1L (BCS1-like (yeast)) from Canis lupus familiaris. BCS1L is a homologue of Bcs1l (BCS1-like (yeast)) from Mus musculus. BCS1L is a homologue of Bcs1l (BCS1-like (yeast)) from Rattus norvegicus. BCS1L is a homologue of bcs1l (BCS1-like (yeast)) from Danio rerio. BCS1L is a homologue of bcs-1 (BCS1 (mitochondrial chaperone) homolog) from Caenorhabditis elegans. BCS1L is a homologue of BCS1 (Bcs1p) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. BCS1L is a homologue of AGOS_ACR200C (ACR200Cp) from Ashbya gossypii ATCC 10895. BCS1L is a homologue of AgaP_AGAP004266 (AGAP004266-PA) from Anopheles gambiae str. PEST. Important links ! iHOP - Information Hyperlinked over Proteins . Concept & Implementation by Robert Hoffmann.