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The cells were halted at G1 phase in the cell cycle by RAL. Paper-9432661.
A possible precursor to A2-E is the imine formed from RAL and ethanolamine. Paper-10152192.
One other member of this family, RALA, has been previously mapped to the short arm of human chromosome 7. Paper-18987.
A serine kinase associates with the RAL GTPase and phosphorylates RAL-interacting protein 1. Paper-12220239.
The RAL cell line was resistant to all the drugs tested, whereas the CAEP cells were sensitive to vinblastine. Paper-1612926.
In VSMC, high glucose prevented the inhibitory effect of high E(2) (but not of high RAL) concentrations on DNA synthesis. Paper-10408622.
However E(2)- (but not RAL-) stimulated [3H] thymidine incorporation was attenuated in the presence of high glucose. Paper-10408622.
These include retinal ( RAL), retinol (ROL), retinylpalmitate (ROLpal) and the protonated Schiff-base of retinal (RALsb). Paper-542846.
A derivative of all-trans-retinal ( RAL) and ethanolamine, A2-E, is the main fluorescent component of human retinal lipofuscin. Paper-10152192.
Irradiation (> 300 nm) of RAL, ROL in methanol (MeOH) or RALpal in dimethylformamide, produces free radicals from both solvents. Paper-542846.
The primary mutations associated with RAL and EGV resistance were not detected despite the genetic variability among clinical isolates. Paper-12893821.
Irradiation of RAL in argon-saturated acetonitrile also results in photobleaching of RAL, but the reaction proceeds at a slower rate. Paper-8684916.
Two human cancer cell lines were established from metastatic lesions of an adenocarcinoma ( RAL) and a squamous cell (CAEP) carcinoma of the lung. Paper-1612926.
The photophysical properties of all-trans-retinal ( RAL) have been extensively studied because of the importance of the retinoids in the visual process. Paper-8684916.
Because RAL is localized mainly to the Golgi, the expression of the RGR protein was identified in RK13 cells, a cell line that expresses endogenous rgr. Paper-9772360.
In addition, all diterpenes and genkwanin increased the lipid order of fluid DMPC membranes, exhibiting CAR and RAL the strongest membrane-rigidifying effect. Paper-12225953.
RESULTS: RAS-related genes ( KRAS2, RALA, RAB39B) and various core markers of embryonic stem cells were overexpressed in IGCNU compared to normal testes. Paper-12535691.
Microdamage accumulation in RAL-treated animals was not significantly different than VEH; both RIS and ALN had significantly higher crack surface density compared to VEH. Paper-12275222.
Using the median of DNA adducts ( RAL, 0.3) as a cutoff point, the odds ratio for the risk of bladder cancer was 4.1 (age-adjusted; 95% confidence interval, 1.9-9.0). Paper-1483570.
The RAL and CAEP cell lines, whose morphology and ultrastructural features are presented, showed extensively rearranged karyotypes with modal number of 85 ( RAL) and 98 (CAEP). Paper-1612926.
Conversely, simultaneous treatment induced an antagonistic effect in both cell lines, and the sequential scheme gemcitabine-->docetaxel produced a weak synergistic effect only in RAL cells. Paper-2030013.
Irradiation of RAL in argon-saturated methanol results in fairly efficient photobleaching of RAL and in the formation of two new compounds having absorption spectra that are shifted below 300 nm. Paper-8684916.
In particular, chromosome 2 pentasomy and several clonal markers were evident in the RAL cells, whereas a telomeric deletion of chromosome 1, del (1)(q32), was observed in the CAEP cells. Paper-1612926.
As expected from these results in vitro, some of them could prevent the growth of NUGC-3 human gastric cancer cells, and especially RAL was a potent antineoplastic agent with an LD(50) value of 19 microM. Paper-9432661.
The study was performed on three human NSCLC cell lines (ChaGo-K1, CAEP and RAL) that exhibit different expression of proliferation and apoptosis-related markers, and do not harbor EGFR mutations. Paper-13321981.
The antibody reacted specifically with RAL, as demonstrated by the Ouchterlony double diffusion test, immunoelectrophoresis, and SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the immunoprecipitate. Paper-2667539.
Retinol (ROL), retinal ( RAL) and retinoic acid ( RA) are physiologically active forms of vitamin A. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) can be formed by oxidation from all-trans retinal (ATRAL). Paper-9650142.
Computer analysis suggested the presence of a transmembrane segment, 5 potential calcium binding sites, and a RAL motif which corresponds to the HAV motif, the potential site for homophilic interaction of typical cadherins. Paper-8576573.
Our study provides basic information on genotypic susceptibility of HIV-2 to RAL and EGV and supports the suggestion that RAL and EGV could be considered as a new therapeutic option for treating HIV-2-infected patients. Paper-12893821.
Lastly, treatment of LNCaP with all-trans retinal ( RAL) in the presence of DHT resulted in significant up-regulation of the RA-inducible, RA-metabolizing enzyme CYP26A1 mRNA compared with RAL treatment alone. Paper-13259877.
Point mutations in exon 1 of KRAS and in exon 7 of TP53 were evident by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-DNA sequencing in the RAL cell line, whereas no alterations were present in the HRAS and RB genes. Paper-1612926.
The diterpenoids, especially CA and RAL, promoted the formation of hexagonal-H(II) phases at low temperatures in dielaidoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DEPE) membranes which exhibited a smaller tube-to-tube distance compared to pure phospholipid. Paper-12225953.
Two potent integrase inhibitors (IN-Is), raltegravir ( RAL, MK-0518) and elvitegravir ( EGV, GS-9137), have been shown to be potent inhibitors for HIV-1 and resistance mutations have been identified in HIV-1 clinical trials. Paper-12893821.
CONCLUSION: Since the correlation was higher for duplicate RAL measurements than for CAL measurements, the use of a stent should be considered in clinical trials to ensure better reproducibility of measurement of attachment level gains. Paper-13243410.
In C, RALB and RALA, the change in base excess from rest to postexercise was greater than the concomitant increase in blood lactate concentration, suggesting the presence of a significant amount of acid in the blood in addition to lactic acid. Paper-6083932.
Contrary to RA, the adducts of HSA with RAC and RAL do not show any induced chirality, thus indicating that despite their high structural similarity to RA, both compounds do not appear to occupy the internal binding sites, but associate with the protein exterior. Paper-13113091.
32P-postlabeling DNA adducts in WBC obtained from police officers (1.48 +/- 1.35 RAL/10(8)) were significantly higher than in referent subjects (1.01 +/- 0.63 RAL/10(8), P = 0.007), suggesting a possible role of exposure to airborne PAH in the DNA damage. Paper-1137639.
Pretreatment with 1 nM 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25), or non-hypercalcemic Vitamin D analogs, upregulated the response of creatine kinase (CK) to 17beta-estradiol (30 nM E(2)), raloxifene (3000 nM RAL) or dihydrotestosterone (300 nM DHT) in primary human bone cells. Paper-10275065.
Subsequently, we found that fucoxanthin, all-trans retinal ( RAL, vitamin A aldehyde) and all-trans retinoic acid (RA, vitamin A acid) inhibited the activities of replicative DNA polymerases with IC(50) values of 18-190, 14-17 and 8-30 microM, respectively. Paper-9432661.
Whereas, AA-specific DNA adducts were detected in all five urinary tract tissues from five patients (total RAL: 32-251 adducts per 10(9) nucleotides), OTA-related DNA adducts were detectable in two kidneys and one ureter only (total RAL: 1.5-3.7 adducts per 10(9) nucleotides). Paper-8997265.
Mean respiratory-related oscillation in systolic blood pressure (pulsus paradoxus) increased significantly under each experimental condition compared with those at baseline (2 +/- 2.3 mm Hg): for RAL, 21 +/- 8.4 mm Hg; for HL, 34 +/- 16.3 mm Hg; for H, 10 +/- 5.4 mm Hg; for VL 26 +/- 13.4 mm Hg. Paper-6345488.
Forty-eight intact (non-ovariectomized) skeletally mature female beagle dogs were treated orally for 12 months with clinically relevant doses of risedronate ( RIS, 0.10 mg/kg/day), alendronate ( ALN, 0.2 mg/kg/day), raloxifene ( RAL, 0.50 mg/kg/day), or saline (VEH, 1 ml/kg/day). Paper-12275222.
The buffer's ionic strength and pH were optimized for retaining RAL and the internal standard on the column, the percentage of methanol was optimized in the cleaning step to remove unwanted plasma contaminants, and the type and amount of acid was optimized for complete elution of the compounds. Paper-13044205.
In this work, the bioactive compounds deriving from rosemary leaves (carnosol, CAR; carnosic acid, CA; rosmadial, RAL; genkwanin, GW; rosmarinic acid, RA) were isolated and their effects on the phase behaviour of model membranes were studied by several complementary biophysical techniques. Paper-12225953.
In this study the interactions between HSA and small lipophilic molecules all-trans retinoic acid (RA), all-trans retinaldehyde (retinal, RAL) and all-trans retinyl acetate (RAC) were investigated by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and circular dichroism (CD). Paper-13113091.
The peak lactate values of 12.3 +/- 1.2 mmol.L-1 for C, 11.8 +/- 1.2 mmol.L-1 for RALB, and 10.2 +/- 0.9 mmol.L-1 for RALA were not significantly different, nor were the half-times (t 1/2) for the decline in blood lactate concentration; C = 18.2 min, RALB = 19.3 min, and RALA = 18.2 min. Paper-6083932.
Since RAL's estrogen-mimetic effects on human vascular cell growth were independent of MAP-kinase activation and were not affected by hyperglycemia, the potential use of RAL to circumvent the loss of estrogen function induced by hyperglycemia and diabetes in the human vasculature should be further explored. Paper-10408622.
These synonyms are used for gene RALA (v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene homolog A (ras related)): Ras-related protein Ral-A, RAL, MGC48949.
These accession numbers are used for gene RALA: AAM12624 (NCBI_GENBANK__AC), AAH39858 (NCBI_GENBANK__AC), A4D1W3 (UNIPROT__AC).
RALA is a homologue of RALA (v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene homolog A (ras related)) from Bos taurus.
RALA is a homologue of RALA (v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene homolog A (ras related)) from Pan troglodytes.
RALA is a homologue of RALA (v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene homolog A (ras related)) from Gallus gallus.
RALA is a homologue of RALA (v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene homolog A (ras related)) from Canis lupus familiaris.
RALA is a homologue of Rala (v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene homolog A (ras related)) from Mus musculus.
RALA is a homologue of Rala (Ras-related protein) from Drosophila melanogaster.
RALA is a homologue of Rala (v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene homolog A (ras related)) from Rattus norvegicus.
RALA is a homologue of rala (v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene homolog A (ras related)) from Danio rerio.
RALA is a homologue of ral-1 (RAL (Ras-related GTPase) homolog) from Caenorhabditis elegans.
RALA is a homologue of AgaP_AGAP012108 (AGAP012108-PA) from Anopheles gambiae str. PEST.
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